Identification and Characterization of Gamma‐Irradiated Dried Lentinus edodes Using ESR, SEM, and FTIR Analyses

Abstract

Food irradiation can confirm hygienic quality and prolong the product shelf life. However, due to lack of international consensus, effective identification methods and detailed quality characterization are required for the general use of this technology.

3D Printing of Shiitake Mushroom Incorporated with Gums as Dysphagia Diet

“…Samples with (0.6%) and without gums were analyzed using FTIR from 400 cm −1 to 4000 cm −1 ( Figure 6 ). Significant absorptions at around 2930 cm −1 , and 1730 cm −1 were observed, which are assigned to the asymmetric stretching vibration of methyl groups (C–H), and C=O stretching vibration (carbonyl or amide), respectively [ 35 , 36 ]. Absorption band at around 1050 cm −1 corresponds mainly to C-O and C-C stretching vibrations in polysaccharide [ 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

“…Significant absorptions at around 2930 cm −1 , and 1730 cm −1 were observed, which are assigned to the asymmetric stretching vibration of methyl groups (C–H), and C=O stretching vibration (carbonyl or amide), respectively [ 35 , 36 ]. Absorption band at around 1050 cm −1 corresponds mainly to C-O and C-C stretching vibrations in polysaccharide [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Lentinan, the most important functional ingredient of shiitake, produces absorption band at 1650 cm −1 (C=O stretching) and 1400 cm −1 (carboxylate) [ 39 ].…”

“…As seen from Figure 6 , the FTIR curves showed a comparable pattern, suggested that no new functional group was generated after gum added. There was a broadband absorption peak for all samples at around 3325 cm −1 , which was ascribed to the vibrational stretching rising from molecular bound hydroxyl groups or absorption bands of poly-OH [ 23 , 36 ]. Particularly, the absorption broadband appeared at 3325 cm −1 for control sample, 3322 cm −1 for XG sample, 3316 cm −1 for KG sample, respectively.…”

Molecular identification, in vivo and in vitro activities of Calvatia gigantea (macro-fungus) as an antidiabetic agent

“…Morphology and physiological parameter such as appearance, colour, dimension, spores and form of the fungus on media, with other environmental growth preferences is not sufficient for the identification of macrofungi. However, molecular based tools offer better alternatives for accurate identification (Akram et al 2012 ; Al-Habib et al 2014 ; Wang et al 2017 ) of wild medicinal and edible mushrooms, which will help in proper documentation and effective exploration. We have used the Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence for the molecular identification of Calvatia gigantea .…”

Absorbed‐dose estimation and quality attributes of gamma‐irradiated fresh shiitake mushrooms

“…In this regard, ESR analysis has provided the most promising results for different food materials;, however, a limited number of studies using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS) and TL techniques are also available. ESR analysis is capable of identifying irradiated dried mushrooms,, but radiation‐induced signals were absent in the case of fresh mushrooms . Absence of radiation‐induced ESR signals and very low fat content in fresh mushrooms limit the use of ESR and GC‐MS analyses, respectively; thus only TL analysis can serve the above‐mentioned purpose.…”