Identification of organic compounds in municipal landfill leachates

Öman, Cecilia; Hynning, Per‐Åke

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(93)90047-r

Cited by 145 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The composition of generated waste is extremely variable as a consequence of seasonal circumstances, lifestyle, demographic, geographic, and legislation impacts [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This variability makes defining and measuring the composition of waste more difficult and, at the same time, more essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Liquid Products from Pyrolysis of Municipal Waste and Spent Tyres

Pavlova¹,

Stratiev²,

Mitkova³

et al. 2015

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. Liquid products produced from two different types of waste pyrolysismunicipal wastes and spent tyre wastes are investigated using gas chromatographymass spectrometry. This method has been applied for detailed identification of composition of the samples. The components were characterized in terms of their Kováts retention indices on a PONA capillary column. The obtained analytical data were successfully used for the characterization of the samples. More than three hundred compounds were detected. The liquid products were complex mixtures, composed mainly of C 4 -C 12 compounds. The examination of the selected m/z values very clearly indicates the existence of the different groups of compounds. With a lot of olefins content (31.9%), followed by aromatics (20.0%), paraffins (17.3%), and naphthenes (7.5%), it is described as the liquid product from pyrolysis of municipal solid wastes. The aromatic compounds in liquid product from pyrolysis of spent tyre wastes have the highest concentration (33.5%), and they are followed by naphthenes (28.6%), olefins (19.2%), and paraffins compounds (7.0%). The present study has shown that the pyrolysis of municipal waste and spent tyres can be used as a means for reduction of environmental pollution and production of liquid product which could be used as a fuel source.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Liquid Products from Pyrolysis of Municipal Waste and Spent Tyres

Pavlova¹,

Stratiev²,

Mitkova³

et al. 2015

Acta Chromatographica

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“…Sediments sampled near a WWTP that had ceased treatment operations 20-years prior contained 54 mg/kg of NPs (Hale et al, 2000), indicating modest degradation in anaerobic sediments. Leachate from a Swedish municipal landfill, which received WWTP sludge, was previously shown to contain NPs at 107 µg/L (Öman and Hynning, 1993). Groundwater contamination by NPs and NPEOs has also been reported in Switzerland, Israel and the U.S. (Tamage, 1994, Zoller and Hashan, 2000and Rudel et al, 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Persistence and Migration of Alkylphenol Ethoxylate Degradation Products Associated with Land-applied Biosolids

Guardia¹,

Hale²,

Harvey³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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Nonylphenol (NPs) and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) enter the environment during the course of land-application of sewage sludge (biosolids). These xenoestrogens have been previously reported in biosolids at concentrations as high as parts per thousand, g/kg (dry weight). Here we examine their residence time and potential for migration during runoff events from pasturelands that received biosolids (anaerobic and aerobic/lime stabilized). Biosolid aggregates (> 0.5 cm) were randomly collected for analysis from these fields at 50 and 175 days after application. Concentrations from each set were compared to the original material. Minimal mineralization was observed 50 days after application, but was substantially greater at 175 days for NPs and NPEOs. Surface runoff created by means of applying artificial rainfall to the biosolids treated and control pasture-plots were compared. Greater levels (P < 0.05) of NPs and NPEOs were observed for the treated plots (range 1.69 to 5.35 µg/L). A stronger correlation (R 2 =0.562) between NP concentrations and PtOC (particle organic carbon) was also observed compared to DOC (dissolved organic carbon) (R 2 =0.125) and TOC (total organic carbon) (R 2 =0.252), indicating that NPs were more associated with runoff solids. Although not conclusive, during the first 50-days after application grazing animals have the greatest potential to be exposed to NPs and NPEOs with burdens continuing at a minimum up to six months thereafter. (U.S. regulations restrict grazing up to 30 days after application.) It also appears that these xenoestrogens have the potential to migrate with runoff from biosolid-applied fields during rainfall events.

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“…[1,2]. In several countries, the presence of organic contaminants in the leachate from municipal solid-waste landfills has been clearly established [3][4][5][6]. The most-frequently encountered organic micropollutants in leachate are monoaromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) and polyaromatic (naphthalene, phenanthrene, etc.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusive Transport of Phenolic Compounds Through Two Coextruded Geomembranes

Touze-Foltz¹,

Mendes²,

Barral³

et al. 2015

Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng.

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This paper presents experimental results of a study of the diffusion of phenolic compounds through two High density polyethylene geomembranes (1 and 1.5 mm thick) with a coextruded ethylene vinyl-alcohol (EVOH) inner core. The partition and diffusion coefficients were quantified for 2,4,6-tricholophenol (2,4,6-TCP), 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol (2,3,5,6 TeCP), and pentachlorophenol, which are known to be toxic even at very low concentrations. The concentration dynamics in the source and receptor chambers of the diffusion cells was interpreted with the help of the numerical code POLLUTE. For partition coefficients greater than those obtained under the same conditions for a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembrane, the diffusion coefficients are smaller than those for the same HDPE geomembrane. As a result, the permeation coefficient of the two coextruded geomembranes is the same order of magnitude as that of a 2-mm-thick HDPE geomembrane. Therefore, in contrast to the case for volatile organic compounds, the EVOH inner core brings no significant improvement. These results are compared to those previously obtained with volatile organic compounds for HDPE geomembranes and coextruded geomembranes.

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Identification of organic compounds in municipal landfill leachates

Cited by 145 publications

References 15 publications

Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Liquid Products from Pyrolysis of Municipal Waste and Spent Tyres

Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Liquid Products from Pyrolysis of Municipal Waste and Spent Tyres

Persistence and Migration of Alkylphenol Ethoxylate Degradation Products Associated with Land-applied Biosolids

Diffusive Transport of Phenolic Compounds Through Two Coextruded Geomembranes

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