Identifying Wireless Users via Transmitter Imperfections

Polak, Adam; Dolatshahi, Sepideh; Goeckel, Dennis

doi:10.1109/jsac.2011.110812

Cited by 197 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These AFE imperfections are inevitable variations introduced to different devices during the fabrication of analog components. Several device-specific characteristics, including the in-phase/quadrature imbalance (IQI) [4], the digital-to-analog converter and the power amplifier characteristics [5], as well as the carrier frequency offset (CFO) [6] have been explored for authentication. In practice, the difference of the selected hardware attributes between different devices is usually small, and its observation is further corrupted by both the noise and the interference, which reduces the accuracy of estimating these attributes for authentication purposes.…”

Section: A Low Reliability Of Physical-layer Authenticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-layer authentication for wireless security enhancement: current challenges and future developments

2016

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Abstract-While the open nature of radio propagation enables convenient "anywhere" wireless access, it becomes the root of security vulnerabilities of wireless communications. In light of this, physical-layer authentication, which is based on exploitation of dynamics of physical layer attributes, is emerging as an effective approach in enhancing wireless security. In this paper, we first review the existing physical-layer authentication techniques and identify their current limitations, ranging from the low authentication reliability to the difficulties of integrating these techniques with the existing wireless infrastructure and applying them in complex future networks. We then present three promising research areas in addressing these challenges. Specifically, we propose to use multi-attributes multi-observation (MAMO) technique for enhancing the authentication reliability. In order to apply point-to-point physical layer authentication techniques into existing wireless networks, we propose a crosslayer authentication approach relying on a composite security key (CSK) that can seamlessly integrate physical-layer and upperlayer authentication schemes. We also discuss the possible ways of invoking physical layer authentication for reducing both the complexity and latency of the security processes in complex heterogeneous networks with the aid of the proposed physical security context sharing (PSCS).

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Section: A Low Reliability Of Physical-layer Authenticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-layer authentication for wireless security enhancement: current challenges and future developments

2016

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“…However, the embedding dimension should be determined first, and the amount of data to calculate the NPE should be large if one wants to obtain a relatively reliable statistic. Polak et al identified the unique emitter by modeling the nonlinearity of power amplifier (PA) and integral nonlinearity (INL) of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with Volterra series and a Brownian Bridge random process, respectively [21]. Its performance would become worse when these models do not match well with the real signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we can extract the RF fingerprints from received signals from the nonlinear point of view. In consideration of the drawbacks of the aforementioned nonlinear SEI approaches [20][21][22], we will propose a novel nonlinear SEI method based on the natural measure of the one-dimensional component of higher dimensional systems. This method does not need any model, and it is effective in the case of a relatively small amount of data and low sample rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Emitter Identification Based on the Natural Measure

Jia

Zhu

Gan

2017

Entropy

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Specific emitter identification (SEI) techniques are often used in civilian and military spectrum-management operations, and they are also applied to support the security and authentication of wireless communication. In this letter, a new SEI method based on the natural measure of the one-dimensional component of the chaotic system is proposed. We find that the natural measures of the one-dimensional components of higher dimensional systems exist and that they are quite diverse for different systems. Based on this principle, the natural measure is used as an RF fingerprint in this letter. The natural measure can solve the problems caused by a small amount of data and a low sample rate. The Kullback-Leibler divergence is used to quantify the difference between the natural measures obtained from diverse emitters and classify them. The data obtained from real application are exploited to test the validity of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method is not only easy to operate, but also quite effective, even though the amount of data is small and the sample rate is low.

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“…However, no evidence for this assumption is available in the literature. Most previously published studies have used either an anechoic chamber or a laboratory environment with high SNR and line-of-sight propagation in the experimental validation of RF fingerprinting techniques [9][10][11][12][13]. Such environments do not represent the typical conditions found in practice, in which transceivers are not of RF test laboratory specification, and channel impairments and interference degrade the unique features embedded in the analog signal of the transmitter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of channel impairments on radiometric fingerprinting

Rehman

Sowerby

Alam

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)

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Abstract-To increase network security and mitigate identity theft attacks, much of the research is focused on traditional bit-level algorithmic. In conventional wireless networks, security issues are primarily considered above the physical layer and are usually based on bit-level algorithms to establish the identity of a legitimate wireless device. Physical layer security is a new paradigm in which features extracted from an analog signal can be used to establish the unique identity of a transmitter. Our previous research work into Radiometric fingerprinting has shown that every transmitter has a unique fingerprint owing to imperfections in the analog components present in the RF front end. However, to the best of the author's knowledge, no such example is available in the literature in which the effect of radio channel on Radiometric fingerprint is evaluated. This paper presents the simulation and experimental results for radiometric fingerprinting under an indoor varying radio channel. Contrary to popular assumption, it was found that the fingerprinting accuracy is little affected in an indoor channel environment.

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Identifying Wireless Users via Transmitter Imperfections

Cited by 197 publications

References 11 publications

Physical-layer authentication for wireless security enhancement: current challenges and future developments

Physical-layer authentication for wireless security enhancement: current challenges and future developments

Specific Emitter Identification Based on the Natural Measure

Effect of channel impairments on radiometric fingerprinting

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