IFE chamber walls: requirements, design options, and synergy with MFE plasma facing components

Thermal Loading of a Direct Drive Target Rarefied Gas

“…The radiation heat flux is expected to be 0.2 -1.2 W/cm 2 . Xe has been proposed as a good candidate for the protective gas [5]. It is expected that the Xe density will be between 3.22e19 m -3 -3.22e21 m -3 (1 -100 mtorr at 300 K).…”

“…For each fusion micro-explosion (~10 Hz), ions and thermomechanical stresses from heat loads threaten to damage the reactor wall and driver optics. One proposed method for decreasing the intensity of the wall loading is to fill the reactor chamber with a gas, such as Xe, at low density [5]. The gas will absorb much of the radiation and ion energy from the fusion event, and then slowly release it to the chamber wall.…”

Thermal Loading of a Direct Drive Target Rarefied Gas

“…The kinetic theory of gases is used to verify the results from DS2V. For a stream of gas traveling toward a semi-infinite transparent plane at the overall velocity u, the mass flux (kg/m 2 -s) is given by kinetic theory as [5]:…”

“…Initial perturbations in the target, caused by surface roughness, vapor bubbles, or other inconsistencies, must be minimized to maximize the implosion efficiency [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Object kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of irradiated tungsten for nuclear fusion reactors

“…W offers several advantages: high melting point (3695 K [24]), high thermal conductivity (1.75 W cm -2 s -1 at room temperature [24]), low sputtering coefficient [25] and low tritium retention [23]. In principle, W is supposed to fulfil the majority of the highly demanding requirements, such as transient temperatures and stresses which take place in a ICF chamber [10,26,27] or in divertor region [28]. Nevertheless, the response of W to irradiation damage is known to be compromised by several factors, the most relevant the detrimental effects induced by light species retention in irradiationgenerated defects.…”