IgG-Binding Components of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Nissen, Dorte; Pedersen, Lars J; Skov, Per Stahl; Vejlsgaard, Gunhild L.; Poulsen, Lars K.; Jarløv, Jens Otto; Karlsmark, Tonny; Nolte, Hendrik

doi:10.1016/s1081-1206(10)63033-5

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Overall, our data are consistent with other studies in supporting the notion that staphylococcal superantigens can trigger or exacerbate allergic and inflammatory diseases of the skin [7,8], airways [9,16] and vasculature [17]. In the nasal airways, the presence of superantigen-producing S. aureus was found to be significantly higher in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) compared with non-allergic controls [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Suh

Yoon

Sampson

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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SummaryBackground Nasal polyps infiltrated with eosinophils are commonly found in chronic asthmatic patients, more frequently in those with aspirin-intolerant asthma (AIA) than aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA). Some studies have suggested a contribution of superantigens derived from Staphylococcus sp to nasal polyposis and eosinophilia, but their relative importance in AIA and ATA subjects is unknown. Objective We investigated whether local production of specific IgE to staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B (SEA and SEB) and relationships with markers of eosinophilic inflammation differ in the nasal polyps of AIA and ATA subjects. Methods Fifteen AIA subjects with positive responses to lysine-aspirin bronchoprovocation and 15 ATA subjects underwent polypectomy. Immunoassays were used to quantify eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), IL-5, mast cell tryptase, soluble IL-2 recepters (sIL-2R), total IgE, and specific IgE for SEA and SEB. Results ECP levels in nasal polyp homogenates were higher in AIA subjects than in ATA subjects (Po0.02), with no significant differences in tryptase, IL-5 or sIL-2R. Total IgE, and specific IgE to both SEA and SEB, were detectable in some nasal polyps from both subject groups, but median levels were markedly higher in AIA subjects than in ATA subjects (P 5 0.04, 0.01, 0.05, respectively). Levels of specific IgE to SEA and SEB correlated significantly with levels of ECP and IL-5, but not those of tryptase or sIL-2R. Conclusion These findings suggest that staphylococcal superantigens may drive local eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyp tissue, and that this is exacerbated in subjects with AIA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A role of staphylococcal superantigens in atopic dermatitis has recently been recognized [7,8] and similar mechanisms might be relevant in airway disease [9]. IgE antibodies to S. aureus enterotoxins have been described in nasal polyp tissue, and linked to local polyclonal IgE production and eosinophilic inflammation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Suh

Yoon

Sampson

et al. 2004

Clin Experimental Allergy

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“…These results are almost in agreement with the reports of many studies [26][27][28][29][30]. Also, a highly statistically significant positive correlation was found between serum IgE levels and the surface area score, which is in agreement with Wu et al [31], who reported that serum levels of total IgE correlated with the SCORAD index in pediatric patients with AD; they added that serum levels of total IgE can serve as serum markers for monitoring disease activity in childhood AD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Toll-like receptor 2 in patients with atopic dermatitis

Rasheed¹,

Hamid²,

Alzorkany

et al. 2012

Medical Research Journal

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Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases that is often associated with a personal or a family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, or conjunctivitis. One hallmark of AD is the striking susceptibility to colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of pattern recognition receptors that are involved in detecting invading pathogens in the skin and initiating a cutaneous immune response. TLRs participate in cutaneous host defense mechanisms against various skin infections caused by common bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens.Objectives The aims of this study are to examine the relation between the severity of the clinical features of AD and the expression of TLR2 and to evaluate the expression of TLR2 on peripheral blood monocytes of AD patients, and correlate it with serum IgE.Participants and methods Thirty patients with AD were included in this study (14 males and 16 females between 6 months and 26 years of age). All patients with AD fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Hanifin and Rajka. They were examined clinically and the severity of eczema was assessed using the Nottingham Eczema Severity Score. Twenty-five healthy matched volunteers (15 males and 10 females) served as controls. Routine laboratory examinations were recorded, total serum IgE was determined using a chemiluminescent liquid-phase immunoassay, and TLR2 number on peripheral blood monocytes was determined by flow cytometry.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the level of expression of TLR2 on peripheral blood monocytes of patients with AD in either the intrinsic or the extrinsic groups compared with those of the controls. However, there was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between the TLR2 level and a personal history of other allergic diseases. Serum total IgE levels were elevated in 73.9% of patients with AD. Moreover, a highly significant positive correlation was found between serum IgE and the surface area score for AD.Conclusion TLR2 expression is related to a personal history of multiple allergic diseases rather than to AD alone. The serum IgE level is related to the surface area score for AD.

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“…Therefore they differ from regular (nominal) antigens, which need processing by antigen-presenting cells and activate only specific (clonotypic) T cells (usually less than 0.1% of all T cells) [15]. And antitoxin IgE antibodies have been detected in AD patients in many reports [16,17,18,19,20,21]. Levels of antitoxin IgE antibodies are elevated in AD and the antibody titer correlated with the severity of skin lesions.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Bacterial Superantigens Produced by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis Using Povidone-Iodine

Sugimoto¹,

Ishikawa

Terano³

et al. 2006

Dermatology

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with intestinal and cervical lesions. Staphylococcus aureus produces many kinds of toxins, the bacterial superantigens. The detection rate of toxins was 80.1% from 196 S. aureus strains. Neurological examinations revealed abnormalities in 59 out of 81 AD patients. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 46 patients randomly and showed abnormal findings in 38 of these patients. In 23 patients who underwent MRI and duodenal biopsy, 3 were found to be normal neurologically and 2 patients showed normal duodenal tissue. However, 18 patients had abnormal findings both on neurological examination and in duodenal tissue. Serial duodenal biopsy tests were performed in 10 AD patients. In 5 patients, the findings of chronic duodenitis disappeared after the therapy with povidone-iodine. These data indicate that the therapy was effective not only for the skin lesions, but improved gastrointestinal tract lesions and cervical myelopathy, by eradicating bacterial superantigens.

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IgG-Binding Components of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Specific immunoglobulin E for staphylococcal enterotoxins in nasal polyps from patients with aspirin‐intolerant asthma

Toll-like receptor 2 in patients with atopic dermatitis

The Importance of Bacterial Superantigens Produced by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis Using Povidone-Iodine

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