The purposes of this study were to test the replicability of the factor structure of the Health Resources Inventory (HRI) for teachers, to describe the factor organization of the HRI when used with parents, and to assess the strength of agreement between parents' and teachers' views of children's competence. Parents' ratings were available for 269 children (ages 4 to 12 years), and teachers' ratings were gathered for a subset of 102. Analysis of teachers' responses confirmed a 5-factor structure of the HRI. The factor structure for mothers closely mirrored that of teachers. The similarity of factor structure argues for the usefulness of the HRI in assessing children's competence at home and school. The relatively modest correlation between mothers' and teachers' ratings suggests possible setting differences in children's behavior and/or variance related to rater source.The emphasis in clinical psychology has traditionally been on pathology or problem development, but there is increasing interest in understanding the development and expression of competence (