Imaging and diagnostic criteria for <scp>M</scp>ultiple <scp>S</scp>clerosis: Are we there yet?

Josey, Lawrence; Curley, Michael; Mousavi, Foroogh Jafari; Taylor, Bruce; Lucas, Robyn; Coulthard, Alan

doi:10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02448.x

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In this situation there was a risk of misdiagnosing a patient who could suffer from another disease of the CNS, for example inflammatory diseases, such as Borrelia burgdorferi infection or CNS syphilis, autoimmune diseases, such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), or degenerative disorders, such as vitamin B12 deficiency or Friedreich's ataxia. Therefore, special care was advised when diagnosing MS when both types of changes (clinical and laboratory) appeared at the same time [8,11].…”

Section: The First Guidelines For Recognizing Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b If the patient has a relapse with spinal or truncal symptoms, the lesion responsible for these symptoms should not be counted. -after the first multifocal relapse, -after two relapses with a single neurological symptom and those -with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) [11,20,21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiological DIS could be proven if there were sufficient numbers of lesions suggestive of demyelination (with clear edges, greater than 3 mm in diameter) and these lesions met the radiological criteria for MS (developed by Barkhoff, modified by Tintore) (Table 1) [11,[17][18][19]. According to MRI criteria at al.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evolution of diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis

Przybek

Gniatkowska

Mirowska‐Guzel

et al. 2015

Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that occurs primarily in young adults. There is no single diagnostic test to recognize the disease. The diagnostic criteria, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests, have changed considerably over time. The first guidelines involved only the results of the patient's neurological examination. The diagnostic criteria developed by Poser in 1983 were based largely on the results of additional tests, including visual evoked potentials and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. The McDonald criteria, developed in 2001 and updated in 2005 and 2010, reflected the diagnostic breakthrough caused by widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Currently, the diagnosis depends largely on the results of the MRI examination. An early diagnosis is particularly important for starting disease-modifying treatments.

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Section: The First Guidelines For Recognizing Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis

Przybek

Gniatkowska

Mirowska‐Guzel

et al. 2015

Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska

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“…It is a CNS disease, which is characterized by multiple regions of demyelization and inflammation along axons with an autoimmune etiology (49). Patients usually develop the first symptoms between the third and fifth decade of life (50,51). Although the exact cause of the growing incidences of MS is unknown, both genetic and environmental factors are possibilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Among Relatives of MS Patients in Hamadan Society, Iran

Mazdeh

Khazaei

Hashemi-Firouzi

et al. 2016

Avicenna J Neuro Psycho Physiology

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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system with unknown causes. In the last decade, the prevalence of MS in Iran has increased. Objectives: This study evaluated the frequency of familial MS among patients in the Hamadan society for MS. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1202 MS patients in Farshchian hospital, Hamadan, in 2013. All patients were diagnosed with definite MS. A questionnaire was used to gather information; demographic characteristics, medical history, signs and symptoms at onset, course of disease, relatives with MS, and degree and type of relationship were recorded.

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“…VEP can show impairment of the optic nerve, BAEP suggests damage to the brain stem and SSEP indicaes damage to the sensory pathways in the spinal cord and brainstem. However, at the time of the Poser criteria, while there was no standard definition of MS MRI lesions, their presence could still support the diagnosis (125,126).…”

Section: Poser Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of the Various MRI parameters and their contribution with Clinical and Cognitive Disability in Multiple Sclerosis

Tóth¹

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The identification of a reliable MRI marker and the structural background of clinical and cognitive symptoms in MS are still hot topics. While lesions in the white matter are remarkable MRI markers in MS and counted as one of the diagnostic cornerstones of the disease, the lesion load only modestly correlates with clinical and cognitive decline. This phenomenon is known as the clinico-radiological paradox. Although the Gd-enhancing lesions are slightly more specific MRI markers during the acute phase of the disease, they can rarely be seen on the MRI. It can happen, even in cases of relapse, that no Gd-enhancement appears. Since the Gdenhancement can only be monitored for 2 or 3 weeks, detection is barely possible during a routine MRI. GM atrophy (cortical with or without subcortical structures) can be detected by several approaches. Diffusion is the movement in the material, which is not accompanied by huge molar motions. It can be non-invasively portray by DTI. Cellular elements (membranes) inhibit molecular diffusion, thus the architecture of the tissues can be detected by the diffusion profile of water. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) and the manual labeling of the regions-of-interest (ROIs) are useful approaches for localised statistical testing of FA (and other diffusion-related) data. In our first study we aimed to determine the relationship between cortical atrophy and WM pathology in MS. Within this, we studied whether the pathology of the focal lesions or the diffuse NAWM has a more significant role in the evolution of GM atrophy. Based on Jenha’s study, we were also interested in the connection between the desintegration of the periventricular WM and the conception of GM atrophy. Our aim was to test two hypotheses. According to the first, GM atrophy is defined by demyelination-like diffusion features that suggest there is a common root in the development of demyelination in WM and GM atrophy (maybe a common pathological process mediated by the CSF). The second hypothesis proposed that GM atrophy is more connected to axon loss-like diffusion pattern, which points to a role of remote axonal transection in GM loss. In our second study, we meant to define the pattern of the MRI parameters best predicting clinical and cognitive disability in patients with MS. Since MRI parameters are strongly related, the conventional linear regression analysis is not an appropriate choice for the statistics. In our studies, we used the model-free partial least square 6 (PLS) approach, which can detect the design of those parameters that best predicts the questionable parameters, besides dealing with the problem of collinearity.

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Imaging and diagnostic criteria for Multiple Sclerosis: Are we there yet?

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Evolution of diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis

Evolution of diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis

Frequency of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Among Relatives of MS Patients in Hamadan Society, Iran

The Relationship of the Various MRI parameters and their contribution with Clinical and Cognitive Disability in Multiple Sclerosis

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