Imaging of abnormal liver function tests

Vagvala, Saivenkat; O’Connor, Stephen S.

doi:10.1002/cld.704

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The increase in AST and ALT histologically affects the damage to liver hepatocytes, although USG has not shown any macroscopic anatomical changes. Several factors influence changes in the anatomical echostructure of USG imaging, namely the level of AST and ALT of liver hepatocytes, exposure time to microorganisms and substances that cause injury to the liver and surrounding organs, the patient's immune system, and other accompanying diseases [16], [5]. This study's sample's USG results showed a significant relationship with the AST and ALT values, including the hepatic echostructure and portal vein wall thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Increased AST and mild ALT with AST include ALT> 1 in cirrhosis, Rhabdomyolysis, Budd-Chiari Syndrome, and Wilson disease. Moderate-severe increases with AST and ALT 5-15 x normal or > 15 x normal, in acute viral Hepatitis, ischemia, and hepatotoxic drugs [5], [6], [7]. Ultrasonography (USG), liver cell damage, and this inflammatory process sometimes have not seen changes in the parenchymal echostructure, but sometimes changes can be seen when the process is advanced or causes significant damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation between Liver Ultrasonography with AST and ALT Value in Suspect Hepatitis

Majdawati

Gugun

2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Liver ultrasonography is frequently recommended in Hepatitis patients. Hepatitis is liver inflammation caused by infection with microorganisms, drugs, and alcohol. Hepatitis causes liver cell damage and sometimes can change the echostructure of ultrasonography. These changes have affected the value of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) or Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT). AIM: The study aimed was to identify the correlation of liver ultrasonography with liver function (AST / ALT) in patients with suspected Hepatitis. METHOD OLOGY: The method was a Cross-Sectional approach to identify the relationship of liver ultrasonography, including echostructure, size, edge or surface, portal vein, gall bladder with AST and ALT in patients with suspected Hepatitis. The subjects were from PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta, 2015-2018, 18-60 years old. They were identified using ALT and AST and proposed ultrasonography of the liver and gallbladder. The samples size consisted of 68 men and 32 women. Liver enzyme and ultrasonography did not know the results of this examination (blind). The relationship between the two variables was analyzed through the Chi-Square. RESULTS: The result was showed a significant relationship between liver ultrasonography, including the echostructure, size, portal vein dilatation with AST and ALT, and p-value for echo structure to AST 0.05 and ALT 0.02. The p-value of liver size revealed an AST of 0.03 and a p-value of a portal venous wall with AST 0.06 and with ALT of 0.02. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant relationship between echostructure, liver size, and portal vein wall with AST and ALT. The liver surface edge and gallbladder had no significant relationship with AST and ALT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Liver Ultrasonography with AST and ALT Value in Suspect Hepatitis

Majdawati

Gugun

2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…TZM-induced hepatotoxicity is reported to be characterized by marked dose-related elevations in the serum liver enzyme markers such as ALT, AST, and ALP [13,30,32,70]. ALT and AST are found within the hepatocytes and are only released when there is liver damage although the cardiac muscles equally contain certain quantity of AST, while ALP is found in the cell lining of the hepatic biliary duct and released in large amount when there is hepatic biliary duct injury or obstruction [71][72][73][74]. ALP may also be profoundly elevated in metastatic hepatic carcinoma and metastatic colon carcinoma [75,76], lymphoma [77][78][79][80][81][82], osteosarcoma [83,84], or infiltrative diseases…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Therapeutic Evaluation of the African Vegetables (Clerodendrum Volubile Leaf and Irvingia Gabonensis Seed Extracts) in Trastuzumab-Mediated Hepato-Renal Dysfunction in Wistar Rats

Adeneye

Olorundare

Akinsola

et al. 2021

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: The use of trastuzumab (TZM) in the clinical management of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive metastatic breast and gastric cancers, gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma, and colorectal carcinoma has been limited by its off-target cardiac, hepatic, and renal toxicities which till date have no effective therapies in either their prevention or amelioration. Thus, the present study is designed at investigating the protective and therapeutic potentials of 400 mg/kg/day Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (CVE) and Irvingia gabonensis ethanol seed extract (IGE) pretreatments in TZM-intoxicated Wistar rats based on their reported folkloric use in the local management of kidney and liver diseases and the previously reported therapeutic potential of these African vegetables in TZM cardiotoxicity. Methods: Forty-nine male Wistar rats were randomly allotted into seven groups of seven rats per group. Group I rats were treated with 10 ml/kg/day of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) sterile water p.o. and 1 ml/kg/day 5% DMSO sterile water i.p.; Groups II and III rats were orally pretreated with 400 mg/kg/day CVE and IGE, respectively, 3 h before 1 ml/kg/day/i.p. 5% DMSO sterile water; Group IV rats were orally pretreated with 10 ml/kg/day 5% DMSO sterile water 3 h before 2.25 mg/kg/day/i.p. TZM; and Groups V-VII rats were pretreated with 20 mg/kg/day Vit. C, 400 mg/kg/day CVE, and 400 mg/kg/day IGE all dissolved in 5% DMSO sterile water, respectively, 3 h before i.p. injections of 2.25 mg/kg/day TZM, all for 7 days. Liver function parameters, renal function parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological investigations were the study measuring endpoints. Results: Oral pretreatment with 20 mg/kg/day Vit. C, 400 mg/kg/day CVE and IGE significantly ameliorated TZM-mediated hepatic and renal toxicities by effectively lowering the serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and urea levels. CVE and IGE pretreatments also significantly reversed TZM-induced decreases in the hepatic and renal tissue catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione- S-transferase activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels. CVE and IGE pretreatments also improved TZM-induced hepatic and renal histological lesions. Conclusions: Overall, the chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive potentials of CVE and IGE in TZM-induced hepatorenal dysfunction were either wholly or partly mediated through free-radical scavenging and antioxidant activities.

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“…Elevated levels of bilirubin (jaundice) might indicate liver damage or disease or certain types of anemia. 25 The serum levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) was significantly increased and the levels of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and total protein were significantly decreased in paracetamol intoxicated rats when compared to normal control group (Tables 1 and 2). The group which received fruit extracts of Cordia obliqua at 300mg/kg body weight of both the extracts showed a significant increase in the mean levels of AST, ALT, ALP, TP, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin.…”

Section: Effect Of Aqueous and Ethanolic Fruit Extracts Of Cordia Oblmentioning

confidence: 97%

Toxicity Assessment, Evaluation of Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity on Cordia obliqua Fruit Extracts

Tharun¹,

Sivakrishnan²,

Sharma³

2020

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Liver is the second largest and vital organ in the body which plays a vital role in metabolism and maintenance of homeostasis in human system. Toxic liver injury produced by drugs and chemicals are similar to natural liver disease. Continuous use of agents like Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Paracetamol, Ethyl alcohol, Carbon tetrachloride, Ranitidine and Oral contraceptives of hormonal origin and chemicals used as food preservatives and agrochemicals are threatening the integrity of liver. 1,2 The effects of liver disease on hepatic metabolism of drugs are complex and difficult to predict, particularly when multiple drugs are administered simultaneously. 3 Undiscerning use of anti-malarial drugs 4 , Anti-tubercular drugs 5 , analgesics, oral contraceptives 6 , Pharmaceuticals (mainly antibiotics, chemotherapeutics and CNS active drugs). 7 Toxins in food (especially aflatoxin 8 , Viruses, bacteria, mushrooms, parasites like amoebas etc. may also infect the liver. 9 According to American Gastroentorogical institutes official journal "Gastroenterology" recent survey has reported that they are 13% deaths has reported due to antibiotics and stated has "Idiosyncratic Drug Induced Liver Injury". Herbal plants which contain wide variety of phytoconstituents which acts as a protective barrier for the liver and includes-monoterpenes, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, organic acids, lipids 10 Several Indian medicinal plants have been extensively used in the Indian traditional system of medicine for the management of liver disorders. In India over 40 polyherbal commercial formulations reputed to have hepatoprotective action is being used. Scrutiny of the literature indicates that 160 phyto-constituents from 101 plants belonging to 52 plant families have antihepatotoxic activity. 11 In the present study, the fruits of Cordia obliqua were selected for evaluation of pharmacological activity and to identify the chemical constituents. Cordia obliqua Willd plant is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains about 300 species of shrubs and trees, which are found worldwide, mostly in warmer regions. It is a medium-sized deciduous tree and very vigorous in growth. Many of the species are commonly called manjack, Clammy Cherry, glue berries, sebesten, or snotty gobbles. According to traditional system, it possesses anthelmintic, purgative, diuretic, expectorant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and analgesic action. The fruits are edible and used as pickle, vegetable, raw, cooked. They lessen thirst and the scalding of the urine, remove pain from the joints and the burning of the throat and are also effective in treating the diseases of the spleen. 12 It was found that fruits are traditionally used for the treatment of hepatic disorders. 13,14 The leaves of Cordia obliqua were investigated for hepatoprotective. 15 Analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory activities. 16 Since the fruits were ABSTRACT Background: Cordia obliqua Willd plant is a genus of flowering pl...

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Imaging of abnormal liver function tests

Abstract: http://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2046-2484/video/11-5-reading-vagvala a video presentation of this article http://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2046-2484/video/11-5-interview-vagvala the interview with the author

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Correlation between Liver Ultrasonography with AST and ALT Value in Suspect Hepatitis

Correlation between Liver Ultrasonography with AST and ALT Value in Suspect Hepatitis

Experimental Therapeutic Evaluation of the African Vegetables (Clerodendrum Volubile Leaf and Irvingia Gabonensis Seed Extracts) in Trastuzumab-Mediated Hepato-Renal Dysfunction in Wistar Rats

Toxicity Assessment, Evaluation of Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity on Cordia obliqua Fruit Extracts

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