Immediate Seeding of Enzymatically Derived Endothelium in Dacron Vascular Grafts

Graham, Linda M.; Burkel, William E.; Ford, John W.; Vinter, David W.; Kahn, Raymond H.; Stanley, James C.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1980.01380110033005

Cited by 129 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Moreover, the seeded grafts were completely endothelialized by 2 to 4 weeks, a similar time frame to that observed with PTFE grafts [143,144]. The superior patency at up to about 6 months of one-stage seeded, small-diameter, synthetic grafts was confirmed in several further canine studies that used grafts in the aortic or carotid positions [145][146][147]. Further, seeded grafts (4 mm internal diameter) were able to retain patency even when blood flow was temporarily reduced to 30% of its initial level and flow rates recovered with time, whereas some non-seeded grafts occluded during flow reduction and did not recover flow [148].…”

Section: Single-stagementioning

confidence: 57%

Vascular Grafts and the Endothelium

Hoenig¹,

Campbell²,

Campbell³

2006

Endothelium

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Section: Single-stagementioning

confidence: 57%

Vascular Grafts and the Endothelium

Hoenig¹,

Campbell²,

Campbell³

2006

Endothelium

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“…In a pioneering study, Stump et al have shown that a Dacron patch suspended in the flow, without contact with the vessel wall, was covered with endothelial colonies within 7 days of implantation. 2 Early efforts at graft endothelialization with the use of mature endothelial cells, [3][4][5][6][7][8] although promising, were limited by difficulties related to obtaining cells in significant numbers. The recent description of circulating endothelial progenitor cells 9 has provided a new source for cellular seeding of grafts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Forces Enable Rapid Endothelialization of Synthetic Vascular Grafts

et al. 2006

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Background-Synthetic vascular grafts cannot be used in small vessels because of graft failure caused by thrombosis and neointima formation. Rapid endothelialization may overcome this limitation. We hypothesized that a magnetic graft would be able to capture and retain endothelial cells labeled with paramagnetic particles. Methods and Results-Porcine blood derived endothelial cells were allowed to endocytose superparamagnetic iron oxide microspheres. Cell survival was assessed by trypan blue exclusion and demonstrated a dose-dependent cell survival of 75% to 95%. A flexible magnetic sheet was annealed to the external surface of a knitted Dacron graft. Labeled cells (10 6 /mL) were placed within the graft for 5 minutes. Confocal and electron microscopy confirmed uniform cell capture at the magnetized surface. The effect of shear forces on the adherent cells was evaluated in a flow chamber. The cells remained attached at rates up to 300 mL/min, with cell loss commencing at 400 mL/min. Prototype magnetic grafts were implanted in porcine carotid arteries. Labeled cells were placed within the graft for 10 minutes at the time of implantation. The grafts were evaluated after one day and uniform cell coverage was noted on the magnetized surface. In comparison, relatively few labeled cells were seen attached to a nonmagnetized surface. Key Words: coronary disease Ⅲ endothelium Ⅲ grafting Ⅲ surgery Ⅲ magnet T he major limitation of prosthetic vascular grafts is their tendency to occlude after various periods of time. This occlusion rate is higher for smaller-diameter grafts and precludes their use in a significant number of medical applications, most notably in coronary artery bypass grafting. Numerous studies have shown that failure is secondary to graft occlusion, either because of thrombogenicity of the synthetic material or because of encroachment of tissue (intimal hyperplasia) into the lumen of the graft at anastomotic sites. 1 A potential way to limit graft failure would be to provide rapid, uniform, and complete coverage with a functional endothelial layer. In a pioneering study, Stump et al have shown that a Dacron patch suspended in the flow, without contact with the vessel wall, was covered with endothelial colonies within 7 days of implantation. 2 Early efforts at graft endothelialization with the use of mature endothelial cells, 3-8 although promising, were limited by difficulties related to obtaining cells in significant numbers. The recent description of circulating endothelial progenitor cells 9 has provided a new source for cellular seeding of grafts. We have previously shown that blood-derived endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs) are effective in preventing restenosis and can restore vascular function in animal models of arterial injury. 10 Previous work used prolonged vascular occlusion to enable cell adhesion to the vessel wall, an approach that cannot be used in clinical settings. We hypothesized that local cell capture and retention could be accomplished by using magnetic forces. EOCs were rendered magn...

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“…This is the idea behind endothe lial cell seeding of vascular grafts. Animal experiments have shown that such a proce dure enhances graft endothelialization, re duces platelet deposition and improves paten cy [1][2][3][4]. Endothelial cells are usually ob tained from a vein but microvascular endo thelial cells from fat tissue have also been uti lized [5], There are four major difficulties in devel oping and evaluating the cell seeding method: (1) the number of harvested cells is limited: (2) the attachment of cells to grafts differs; (3) there is a loss of seeded cells from the graft when circulation is reestablished and (4) there are species differences in the healing of grafts making it difficult to draw conclusions re garding humans based on studies on other animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Attachment of Endothelial Cells to Different Graft Materials

Jensen

Lindblad²,

Bergqvist³

1996

Eur Surg Res

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The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of endothelial cell attachment to different synthetic vascular graft materials. Human microvessel endothelial cells were labelled with indium-111-oxine, injected into 9 different vascular grafts and left to adhere for 40 min. Unattached cells were removed and radioactivity of the grafts measured. Grafts were flushed with 20 ml phosphate-buffered saline during 5 s to remove cells with poor attachment and radioactivity was measured again. Attachment differed between the grafts. In order of decreasing attachment the grafts were albumin-coated Dacron (47%), preclotted Dacron (35–44%), gelatin-coated Dacron (20%), gelatin-coated polyurethane (17%), collagen-coated Dacron (12%), preclotted expanded polytetrafluoro-ethylene (ePTFE; 3%). Albumin-coated Dacron showed the highest degree of cell attachment of ePTFE the lowest. Statistically significant differences exist between ePTFE and all other grafts and between albumin-coated and collagen-coated Dacron, gelatin-coated polyurethane and gelatin-coated Dacron.

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Immediate Seeding of Enzymatically Derived Endothelium in Dacron Vascular Grafts

Cited by 129 publications

References 8 publications

Vascular Grafts and the Endothelium

Vascular Grafts and the Endothelium

Magnetic Forces Enable Rapid Endothelialization of Synthetic Vascular Grafts

In vitro Attachment of Endothelial Cells to Different Graft Materials

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