The European Digital Fortress and Large Biometric EU IT Systems: Border Criminology, Technology, and Human Rights Today, at a time when we are witnessing the "multiplication of borders", borders are occupying new domains. The article focuses on the erection of digital borders by means of biometric technology, which is creating new knowledge through the compilation of large biometric databases in the EU. By "tattooing" borders onto immigrant bodies, disciplinary power is being superseded by the post-disciplinary power of "instant surveillance". The article continues by analysing re-bordering practices by means of seemingly apolitical information technology, and concludes by delving into the new harms caused by re-bordering, including violations of human rights and the emergence of multi-layered criminal law. KEY WORDS: biometric data, human rights, information technology, border criminology, large IT database
IZVLEČEK Evropska digitalna trdnjava in veliki biometrični EU IT sistemi: Kriminologija meje, tehnologija in človekove praviceDanes, ko smo priča »multiplikaciji meja«, meje zasedajo nova področja. Članek se osredotoča na digitalne meje, ki v EU vznikajo z uporabo biometrične tehnologije, kar z oblikovanjem velikih biometričnih podatkovnih zbirk ustvarja novo vednost. Avtor v članku pokaže, kako s »tetoviranjem meja« na imigrantska telesa disciplinsko oblast nadomešča »hipna oblast«, nato pa odstre dileme, povezane s premikanjem meja, kar omogoča domnevno apolitična informacijska tehnologija. V zadnjem delu predstavi nove oblike škode, vključno s kršitvami človekovih pravic, in nastajajoče večplastno kazensko pravo, ukrojeno glede na »hierarhije državljanstva«. KLJUČNE BESEDE: biometrični podatki, človekove pravice, informacijska tehnologija, kriminologija meje, velika podatkovna zbirka