Immobilization of pentachlorophenol in soil using carbonaceous material amendments

Abstract

Carbonaceous material amendment was a potential in situ remediation method for pentachlorophenol contaminated soil. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tIn this study, three pentachlorophenol (PCP) laboratory-spiked and one field-contaminated soil were amended with 2.0% char, humic acid (HA) and peat, respectively. The amended soils were aged for either 7 or 250 days. After amendment, CaCl 2 extractability of PCP was significantly decreased. Desorption kinetics indicated that the proposed amendment could lead to a strong binding and slow desorption of PCP in soils. Amendment with char reduced the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of PCP most significantly for earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in all soils studied. The results of both physicochemical and biological tests suggested that amendment reduced PCP bioavailability quickly and enduringly, implying that carbonaceous material amendment, especially char amendment, was a potentially attractive in situ remediation method for sequestration of PCP in contaminated soil.

Influences of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and plant residue chars on bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Chironomus plumosus larvae in sediment

“…Because of their strong sorption capacities, both CNTs and black carbon have been suggested as potential remediation materials to reduce the bioavailability of HOCs in sediments or soils [7,[13][14][15]. Petersen et al [6] reported that 0.3% CNT amendment in soils decreased pyrene bioaccumulation by earthworm Eisenia fetida.…”

“…According to McLeod et al [16], 2.5% amendment of activated carbon in sediment contributed to 95% reduction of polychlorinated biphenyls in clam tissues. Wen et al [15] observed a 20 to 75% reduction of pentachlorophenol bioavailability to E. fetida in 2.0% char-amended soils. Tang et al [17] reported that the bioaccumulation factor of pyrene to earthworm (E. fetida) was reduced by approximately 90% in the soil with 10% processed soybean stalk, which was prepared by modestly superheated water processing and was similar to black carbon.…”

Effects of Preparation Conditions and Environmental Conditions on Rice-straw-biochar Adsorption of Urea

“…2 [14]. lgqe = lgKf+1/n(lgCe) (2) where, qe is mass of urea adsorbed per mass of biochar (mg/g)at equilibrium; Ce is equilibrium concentration (mg/L) of urea in solution; Kf and 1/n are experimentally derived constants. The Langmuir isotherm model, which assumes homogeneous monolayer surface sorption, can be written as Eq.3 [15] Ce/qe=1/KLQm+Ce/Qm (3) where, Qm is the maximum sorption capacity of biochar (mg g/), and KL refers to the Langmuir constants related to adsorption capacity and adsorption rate.…”

“…Biochar refers to unique characteristics and a high agricultural economic, environmental and ecological impact, which is produced by thermal decomposition of straw under oxygen-limited condition and at relatively low temperature [1][2][3]. Due to the different materials, pyrolysis temperature and other preparative conditions, resulting in biochar's structure and function significant difference [4,5].…”

Biodegradation of 2,6-Dichlorophenol Wastewater in Soil Column Reactor in the Presence of Pineapple Peels-Derived Activated Carbon, Palm Kernel Oil and Inorganic Fertilizer

“…Recently, a growing interest in the sorption of organic contaminants to carbonaceous materials has drawn attention to treat contaminated soil/sediment, with the purpose of finding cheaper and functionally acceptable materials for the removal of contaminants. Previous studies have demonstrated that carbonaceous materials, such as peat [29], soybean stalk [30], coke [31], and activated carbon [32][33][34] can effectively reduce organic contaminants in soil/ sediment.…”