Immunity to Aeromonas salmonicida in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) inducfd by modified freund's complete adjuvant: Its non-specific nature and the probable role of macrophages in the phenomenon

Olivier, G.; Evelyn, T. P. T.; Lallier, R.

doi:10.1016/0145-305x(85)90005-9

Cited by 146 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This result suggests the possibility of application of levamisole to the control of the disease. OLIVIER et al (1985) also reported that coho salmon injected with levamisole showed the enhanced protection against Aeromonas salmonicida. This enhanced protection must be examined in the other fish diseases, including viral diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

et al. 1990

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The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole were investigated using rainbow trout, Oncor hynchus mykiss. Fish sampled 5 days after intraperitoneal injection of levamisole showed in creased protection against Vibrio anguillarum when a single dose (0.5 mg/kg) was used. Phago cytic activity, chemiluminescence responses and natural killer cell activity in fish treated with levamisole were also increased, compared with those in the saline treated fish. Furthermore, levamisole activated the alternative complement pathway of rainbow trout, although serum bacteri cidal activities against V. anguillarum were not enhanced by the treatment of levamisole. These results indicate that levamisole has immunomodulatory effects in rainbow trout.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

et al. 1990

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“…However, in the absence of FCA, whole cell vaccines proved less protective than LPS vaccines: they resulted in protection only when administered in multiple doses. Olivier et al (1985) reported that FCA provided protection against several microbial fish pathogens in coho salmon Oncorhynchus lusutch. However, channel catfish injected with FCA alone showed no enhanced resistance to Edwardsiella ictalun.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response of channel catfish to ipopolysaccharide and whole cell Edward-siella ictaluri vaccines

Saeed¹,

Plumb²

1986

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The efficacy of EdwardsieUa ictaluri lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and of formalin-killed E. ictaluri whole cell bacterins was investigated in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Vaccine efficacy was measured in terms of serum agglutinin produchon and enhanced immunity to experimental challenge w~t h the pathogen. Multiple injections of LPS in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) produced higher antibody titers (1391) than multiple injections of LPS in saline (131), and protection conferred by the former technique was also greater (3.3 vs 36.7 % mortality while unvaccinated controls suffered 70 % mortality). Smgle injections of LPS in FCA also produced high agglutination titers (2048), but protection was less than that obtained with mulhple injections in FCA (20 vs 3.3 O/O mortality). Multiple injections of whole cells in FCA produced high hters (2730) and strong protection (8.3 % mortality). Single injections of the whole cells also ylelded respectable titers (1220) and some protection (31.1 % ) . Multiple and single injections of the bacterin in saline resulted in modest antibody levels and no protection. Injected FCA alone, and vacclnabon by immersion (single and multiple dips, with and without hyperosmotic pretreatment) yielded no protection. These results indicate that E. ictaluri LPS preparations are capable of enhancing immunity against E. ictaluri, but practical methods for administering the vaccine must still be found.

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“…This has been established in fish in vivo (Olivier et al, 1985;Yano et al, 1989Yano et al, , 1991Robertsen et al, 1990;Anderson, 1992) and in vitro (Siwicki et al, 1990;Robertsen et al, 1994). These authors observed an increment in the mortality and supression of the non-specific immune mechanisms at high doses of immunostimulants such as M-glucan (Robertsen et al, 1990), schizophyllan (Yano et al, 1989), levamisol (Anderson, 1992) and Freund adjuvant (Olivier et al, 1985). (Siwicki et al, 1990), since O-antigen s stimulate the non-specific immune mechanisms on their own Figueras, 1994, 1995 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro immunostimulation of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) leucycytes with .BETA. glucan and/or Photobacterium damsela bacterin.

1997

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Immunity to Aeromonas salmonicida in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) inducfd by modified freund's complete adjuvant: Its non-specific nature and the probable role of macrophages in the phenomenon

Cited by 146 publications

References 19 publications

The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Immune response of channel catfish to ipopolysaccharide and whole cell Edward-siella ictaluri vaccines

In Vitro immunostimulation of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) leucycytes with .BETA. glucan and/or Photobacterium damsela bacterin.

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