Immunohematological Reference Ranges for Adults from the Central African Republic

Ménard, Didier; Mandeng, Marie Joelle; Tothy, Mesmin Bem; Kelembho, Eric Kassa; Grésenguet, Gérard; Talarmin, Antoine

doi:10.1128/cdli.10.3.443-445.2003

Cited by 90 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…When we compare other published reference ranges for blood donors from Cameroon, and Central Africa the results are quite similar, with only a 5% difference in CD4+ T-lymphocytes count [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil

Torres¹,

Angelo²,

Netto³

et al. 2009

Braz J Infect Dis

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This study defined the normal variation range for different subsets of T-lymphocyte cells count in two different Brazilian regions. We analysed the T-lymphocytes subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) in blood donors of two Brazilian cities, located in North (Belem, capital state of Para, indian background) and Northeast (Salvador, capital state od Bahia, African background) regions of Brazil. Results were compared according to gender, stress level (sleep time lower than 8 hours/day), smoking, and alcohol intake. Lymphocytes subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry. Five hundred twenty-six blood donors from two Brazilians cities participated in the study: 450 samples from Bahia and 76 samples from Pará. Most (60%) were men, 59% reported alcohol intake, 12% were smokers, and 80% slept at least 8 h/day. Donors from Bahia presented with significantly higher counts for all parameters, compared with Para. Women had higher lymphocytes levels, in both states, but only CD4+ cells count was significantly higher than men's values. Smokers had higher CD4+ counts, but sleep time had effect on lymphocytes levels only for Para's donors (higher CD3+ and CD4+ counts). That state had also, a higher proportion of donors reporting sleep time <8 h/day. The values for CD3, CD4 and CD8+ cells count were significantly higher in blood donors from Bahia than among those from Pará. Female gender, alcohol intake, stress level, and smoking were associated with higher lymphocyte counts. The use of a single reference range for normal lymphocytes count is not appropriate for a country with such diversity, like Brazil is.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil

Torres¹,

Angelo²,

Netto³

et al. 2009

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…These gender differences in RBC parameters as illustrated in our findings (Table 2), are consistent with previously established evidence that males have higher values than females for these parameters and is partly attributed to the influence of the androgen hormone on erythropoiesis [43,44] and to menstrual blood loss in women [16,25,39,42,45]. It has been reported that estrogens lower the Hb through hemodilution while testosterone increases the plasma volume but increases circulating RBC to an even greater extent [46].…”

Section: Laboratory Reference Intervals In Africa 309supporting

confidence: 81%

“…(MCH) by gender have been observed in several African studies, with adult males having higher values than adult females in East Africa [9,16,20,31,39,40], Southern Africa [20,36], West Africa [41] and Central Africa [42]. These gender differences in RBC parameters as illustrated in our findings (Table 2), are consistent with previously established evidence that males have higher values than females for these parameters and is partly attributed to the influence of the androgen hormone on erythropoiesis [43,44] and to menstrual blood loss in women [16,25,39,42,45].…”

Section: Laboratory Reference Intervals In Africa 309mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Reference Intervals in Africa

Zeh¹,

Odhiambo²,

Mills³

2012

Blood Cell - An Overview of Studies in Hematology

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“…In HIV-negative Ugandan populations, women have higher absolute CD4 cell counts and percentages than men [27,28], as is seen in some other African populations (South Rift Valley, Kenya; Southern Highlands, Tanzania) [29,30], but not in all [31]. This pattern could also be the result of men having lower absolute CD4 cell counts and percentages at baseline than women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of treatment outcomes for patients on first‐line regimens in US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) clinics in Uganda: predictors of virological and immunological response from RV288 analyses

et al. 2014

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ObjectivesViral load (VL) monitoring is recommended, but seldom performed, in resource-constrained countries. RV288 is a US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) basic programme evaluation to determine the proportion of patients on treatment who are virologically suppressed and to identify predictors of virological suppression and recovery of CD4 cell count. Analyses from Uganda are presented here. MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational study, patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) (efavirenz or nevirapine + zidovudine/lamivudine) from Kayunga District Hospital and Kagulamira Health Center were randomly selected for a study visit that included determination of viral load (HIV-1 RNA), CD4 cell count and clinical chemistry tests. Subjects were recruited by time on treatment: 6-12, 13-24 or > 24 months. Logistic regression modelling identified predictors of virological suppression. Linear regression modelling identified predictors of CD4 cell count recovery on ART. ResultsWe found that 85.2% of 325 subjects were virologically suppressed (viral load < 47 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml). There was no difference in the proportion of virologically suppressed subjects by time on treatment, yet CD4 counts were higher in each successive stratum. Women had higher median CD4 counts than men overall (406 vs. 294 cells/μL, respectively; P < 0.0001) and in each time-on-treatment stratum. In a multivariate logistic regression model, predictors of virological suppression included efavirenz use [odds ratio (OR) 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-1.02; P = 0.057], lower cost of clinic visits (OR 0.815; 95% CI 0.66-1.00; P = 0.05), improvement in CD4 percentage (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.014-1.107; P = 0.009), and care at Kayunga vs. Kangulamira (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.23-0.92; P = 0.035). In a multivariate linear regression model of covariates associated with CD4 count recovery, time on highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) (P < 0.0001), patient satisfaction with care (P = 0.038), improvements in total lymphocyte count (P < 0.0001) and haemoglobin concentration (P = 0.05) were positively associated, whereas age at start of ART (P = 0.0045) was negatively associated with this outcome. ConclusionsHigh virological suppression rates are achievable on first-line ART in Uganda. The odds of virological suppression were positively associated with efavirenz use and improvements in CD4 cell percentage and total lymphocyte count and negatively associated with the cost of travel to The US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), launched in 2002, has played a major role in the rapid scale-up of and expanded access to ART in resourcelimited countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In the opening session of the 20th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2013), Dr Thomas Frieden, Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), articulated the goals of interventions in the global HIV epidemic, stating, 'the proportion of patients with viral suppression should be the p...

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Immunohematological Reference Ranges for Adults from the Central African Republic

Cited by 90 publications

References 13 publications

Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil

Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil

Laboratory Reference Intervals in Africa

Evaluation of treatment outcomes for patients on first‐line regimens in US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) clinics in Uganda: predictors of virological and immunological response from RV288 analyses

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