Immunohistochemical Characterization of Stem Cell and Differentiation Markers of the Dental Pulp of Human Natal Teeth

Shetty, Heeresh; Kakade, Adesh; Shetty, Shishir Ram; Neelakantan, Prasanna; Nagar, Saurabh R.; Desai, Rajiv S.; Beri, Kavita

doi:10.4155/fsoa-2018-0062

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A previous study reported that in dental papilla cells, SOX2 was absent during the bud stage, but became evident, following the formation of enamel and dentin [ 15 ]. In human natal teeth, the strong expression of SOX2 is detected in the pulp tissue [ 36 ]. Notably, a recent study reported that overexpressing SOX2 in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) help promote odontoblastic differentiation and enhance the production of dentin sialoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors

et al. 2021

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Background Aberrant expression of stem cell markers has been observed in several types of neoplasms. This trait attributes to the acquired stem-like property of tumor cells and can impact patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze the expression and significance of SOX2 and OCT4 in various types of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Methods Fifty-five cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors, including 15 ameloblastomas (AM), 5 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), 5 ameloblastic fibromas (AF), 5 calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC), 10 dentigerous cysts (DC) and 15 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) were investigated for the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 immunohistochemically. Results Most OKCs (86.7 %) and all AFs expressed SOX2 in more than 50 % of epithelial cells. Its immunoreactivity was moderate-to-strong in all epithelial cell types in both lesions. In contrast, SOX2 expression was undetectable in AOTs and limited to the ameloblast-like cells in a minority of AM and COC cases. Most DCs showed positive staining in less than 25 % of cystic epithelium. Significantly greater SOX2 expression was noted in OKC compared with DC or AM, and in AF compared with COC or AOT. OCT4 rarely expressed in odontogenic lesions with the immunoreactivity being mild and present exclusively in OKCs. Conclusions SOX2 is differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts and tumors. This could be related to their diverse cells of origin or stages of histogenesis. The overexpression of SOX2 and OCT4 in OKC indicates the acquired stem-like property. Future studies should investigate whether the overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2 contributes to the aggressive behaviors of the tumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors

et al. 2021

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“…Fluctuating expression of Nanog in adult and primary teeth dental pulp cells has been previously reported to reflect the differentiation status of the cells. 50 Sox2 is a marker of uncommitted neuroepithelium and has previously been found in association with dental pulp in vivo 51 and DPSCs in vitro. 42 with DPSCs after global ischaemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemical characterization of primary teeth pulp stem cells from three stages of resorption in serum‐free medium

Alansary

Drummond

Coates

2020

Dental Traumatology

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Background/Aims: Dental pulp stem cells from primary teeth cultured in serum-free conditions may have clinical use for the repair and regeneration of teeth as well as other complex tissues and organs. The aim of this study was to test the change in the stem cell markers expression/ stem cell population in human primary pulp cells at the different stages of root resorption. Methods: Caries-free human primary canines at defined stages of physiological root resorption were included (n = 9). In vitro cultures were established in xeno-free, serum-free Essential 8™ medium with human truncated vitronectin for cell attachment. An embryonic stem cell line (GENEA002) was used as a positive control. The expression of embryonic stem cell markers (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2), neural crest stem cell markers (nestin and Dlx2) and mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (CD90, CD73 and CD105) were investigated by immunocytochemistry. Mesenchymal stem cell markers CD105, CD73 and CD90 and haematopoietic markers: CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19 and HLA-DR were quantified with flow cytometry. Results: The early neural progenitor markers nestin and Dlx2 were detected in most serum-free cultured dental pulp stem cells, regardless of the tooth resorption stage from which they were harvested. Only isolated cells were found that expressed the embryonic stem cell transcription factors Oct4A, Nanog and Sox2, and in the late stages of resorption, no Oct4A was detected. The majority expressed the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90, CD73 and CD105. Flow cytometry found positive signals for CD90 > 97.3%, CD73 > 99.6% and CD105 > 82.5%, with no detectable differences between resorption stages. Conclusions: This study identified populations of dental pulp cells in vitro with markers characteristically associated with embryonic stem cells, neural crest-derived cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Flow cytometry found CD105 expressed at lower levels than CD90 and CD73. The consistency of stem cell marker expression in cells cultured from teeth at different resorption stages suggests that pre-exfoliated primary teeth that are free of caries may provide a convenient source of multipotent stem cells for use in regenerative medicine.

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“…We tested multiple stem cell markers such as OCT3/4, PAX7, SOX2, CD34 and aSMA finding the same de-differentiation markers in both pulp and PDL and these markers increased after giving the drug. These markers could be due to the dedifferentiation of mature cells (1)(2)(3)21,24) or could be markers of stem cell populations in the pulp and PDL as discussed above (72). Cross talk between the pulp and the periodontal ligament should not be ruled out since the pulp and PDL are anatomically connected via the apical root vasculature.…”

Section: Induction Of Stem Cell Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor-induced regeneration of alveolar bone and soft tissue in a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis

Zebrowitz

Kajikawa

Bedelbaeva

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Bone injuries and fractures reliably heal through a process of regeneration with restoration to original structure and function when the gap between adjacent sides of a fracture site is small. However, when there is significant volumetric loss of bone, bone regeneration usually does not occur.In the present studies, we explore a particular case of volumetric bone loss in a mouse model of human periodontal disease (PD) in which alveolar bone surrounding teeth is permanently lost and not replaced. This model employs the placement a ligature around the upper second molar which leads to inflammation and bone breakdown and faithfully replicates the bacterially-induced inflammatory etiology of human PD to induce bone degeneration. After 10 days, the ligature is removed and the mice are treated with a timed-release formulation of a small molecule inhibitor of prolylhydroxylases (PHDi; 1,4-DPCA) previously shown to induce epimorphic regeneration of soft tissue in non-regenerating mice. This PHDi induces high expression of HIF-1α and the regenerative response is completely blocked by siHIF1a. Here, we observe that timed-release 1,4-DPCA rapidly and completely restores bone and soft tissue with normal anatomic fidelity and with increased stem cell markers due to stem cell migration into the site and/or de-differentiation of local tissue, PDL cell proliferation, and increased vascularization. In-vitro studies using gingival tissue show that 1,4-DPCA indeed induces de-differentiation and the expression of stem cell markers but does not exclude the role of migrating stem cells.

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Immunohistochemical Characterization of Stem Cell and Differentiation Markers of the Dental Pulp of Human Natal Teeth

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors

Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors

Immunocytochemical characterization of primary teeth pulp stem cells from three stages of resorption in serum‐free medium

Prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor-induced regeneration of alveolar bone and soft tissue in a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis

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