Immunological underpinnings of <i>Ascaris</i> infection, reinfection and co-infection and their associated co-morbidities

Magalhães, Luísa Mourão Dias; Nogueira, Denise Silva; Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Pedro Henrique; Oliveira, Fabrício Marcus Silva; Kraemer, Lucas; Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Ana Clara; Vieira-Santos, Flaviane; Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio; Bueno, Lilian Lacerda

doi:10.1017/s0031182021000627

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…Mouse models have also provided an opportunity to understand the role of Ascaris infection in the exacerbation of other conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary allergic inflammation as discussed by Magalhães et al . (2021). Evidence from a mouse model of both larval ascariasis and lung fibrosis revealed an exacerbation of lung damage and an associated diminishment of pulmonary physiological parameters (Oliveira et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Co-morbidities Immunomodulation and Co-infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IP address: 44.224.250.200, on 16 Aug 2021 at 02:37:54, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available atHayes and Grencis (2021) highlight these body-wide influences of Trichuris infection which, in addition to affecting the progression of bowel inflammation can also worsen stroke outcome, suppress lung inflammation and inhibit anti-tumour immunity. Given the far reaching effects whipworm has on disease progression at sites distal from the site of infection, unsurprisingly Trichuris parasites are a source of immunoregulatory molecules, in keeping with many other helminth parasites ; our current understanding of these molecules is reviewed byBancroft et al (2021) including the quantitatively dominant single novel protein T. muris p43.Mouse models have also provided an opportunity to understand the role of Ascaris infection in the exacerbation of other conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary allergic inflammation as discussed byMagalhães et al (2021). Evidence from a mouse model of both larval ascariasis and lung fibrosis revealed an exacerbation of lung damage and an associated diminishment of pulmonary physiological parameters(Oliveira et al 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Holland

Else

2021

Parasitology

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Ascaris lumbricoides, the roundworm, and Trichuris trichiura, the whipworm, are human intestinal nematode parasites; both are soil-transmitted helminths, are often placed together in an epidemiological context and both remain neglected despite high prevalence. Our understanding of parasitic disease continues to be enhanced through animal models. Despite the similarities between whipworm and roundworm, there are key differences between the two species and these have influenced the application of their respective animal models. In the case of T. trichiura, the fact that a murine equivalent, T. muris completes its life cycle in a mouse model has greatly enhanced our knowledge of whipworm biology, pathogenicity and immunology. In contrast, A. lumbricoides and its porcine equivalent, Ascaris suum, lack a rodent model in which the life cycle is completed. However, evidence continues to accumulate demonstrating that mice represent useful models of early Ascaris infection, a key stage of the life cycle. The use of mouse models for both Ascaris and Trichuris has a long history with early pioneers discovering fundamental aspects of each parasite's biology. Novel technologies and perspectives, as outlined in this special issue, demonstrate how through the prism of mouse models, we can continue to explore the similarities and differences between roundworms and whipworms.

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Section: Co-morbidities Immunomodulation and Co-infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Holland

Else

2021

Parasitology

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Bioaccessibility and oral immunization efficacy of a chimeric protein vaccine against Ascaris suum

Castro

Magalhães

Almeida

et al. 2023

Microbes and Infection

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A historical and systematic overview of Ascaris vaccine development

Gazzinelli-Guimarães¹,

Gazzinelli-Guimarães²

2021

Parasitology

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Ascariasis is the most prevalent helminth infection in the world and leads to significant, life-long morbidity, particularly in young children. Current efforts to control and eradicate ascariasis in endemic regions have been met with significant challenges including high-rates of re-infection and potential development of anthelminthic drug resistance. Vaccines against ascariasis are a key tool that could break the transmission cycle and lead to disease eradication globally. Evolution of the Ascaris vaccine pipeline has progressed, however no vaccine product has been brought to human clinical trials to date. Advancement in recombinant protein technology may provide the first step in generating an Ascaris vaccine as well as a pan-helminthic vaccine ready for human trials. However, several roadblocks remain and investment in new technologies will be important to develop a successful human Ascaris vaccine that is critically needed to prevent significant morbidity in Ascaris-endemic regions around the world.

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Immunological underpinnings of Ascaris infection, reinfection and co-infection and their associated co-morbidities

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 4 publications

References 143 publications

Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Lessons from studying roundworm and whipworm in the mouse: common themes and unique features

Bioaccessibility and oral immunization efficacy of a chimeric protein vaccine against Ascaris suum

A historical and systematic overview of Ascaris vaccine development

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