Immunomodulatory effects of mushroom β-glucans

Extraction of bioactive compounds against cardiovascular diseases from Lentinula edodes using a sequential extraction method

“…Water extraction (at room temperature) was selected as first extraction step because some of the bioactive compounds that could be solubilized in this medium were not thermostable (see later for details). Then, the lipid fraction could be extracted with SFE using moderate temperatures (as second step) and in the third step hot water could be used to extract heat resistant molecules such as dietary fibers improving the intestinal bioavailability (for specific β‐glucans) and making them more accessible for colonic microbiota …”

Determination of Antiproliferative Effects of Exopolysaccharides from Six Mushroom Species on Glioma Cells

“…According to Zhang et al, the antitumor activity of the mushroom was reported firstly by Lucas by discovering the inhibitory effect of a substance from Boletus edulis against Sarcoma S-180 tumor cells which is also the first report for bioactivity of Basidiomycetes mushrooms [14,15]. Because of their preventive effect on oncogenesis and tumor metastasis and stimulating effect on the host immune system, mushroom polysaccharides are widely used especially in Asian countries with chemotherapy [5,12]. Other than antimicrobial [16], antioxidant [17] antiviral [18], antiallergic [19], anti-inflammatory [5], antidiabetic [20], hepatoprotective [21], and radioprotective [22] activities and immunological activities of polysaccharides derived from mushrooms are well-documented [23,24,25] and most extensively studied 5 .…”

“…Edible and medicinal mushrooms have been used since the Neolithic age as a natural bioactive metabolite source [4], and the theoretical and practical background for the use of mushrooms' for medicinal purposes comes from especially traditional eastern medicine. [5] It is estimated that the fungal kingdom includes 1.5 million species which has a potential natural source for new bioactive metabolite(s). It is well-known that mushrooms contain various bioactive compounds with medicinal properties as cell wall components such as polysaccharides, polysaccharopeptides and polysaccharide-protein complexes or as secondary metabolites such as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and steroids [6,7].…”

“…It is well-known that mushrooms contain various bioactive compounds with medicinal properties as cell wall components such as polysaccharides, polysaccharopeptides and polysaccharide-protein complexes or as secondary metabolites such as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and steroids [6,7]. Polysaccharides are reported as the most important bioactive compounds found in mushrooms which have antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities [6,8], and has reported as potential antitumoral compounds [5].…”

“…Different clinical studies have also confirmed the cancer inhibitory effects of different mushroom species such as Agaricus brasiliensis, Cordyceps sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Lentinus edodes, Phellinus linteus, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, and Tremella mesenterica [9]. A lot of compounds from mushrooms have proceeded through phase I, II, and III clinical studies [10], and most of the preparations derived from mushroom polysaccharides have been prescribed and used extensively and successfully in modern clinical practice to treat different cancer types in China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and other Asian countries [5,11].…”