Immunomodulatory potential of particular Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae excretory–secretory components

Cvetković, Jelena; Sofronić-Milosavljević, Ljiljana; Ilić, Nataša; Gnjatovic, M.; Nagano, Isao; Gruden-Movsesijan, Alisa

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.07.008

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The presence throughout DC differentiation of A. pegreffii (both live larvae and CE) strongly decreased ERK1,2 pathway after DC maturation, while NFκB signal was not affected. These results appear in contrast with previous evidences showing a transient activation of ERK1,2 pathway in DCs following a short‐time exposure to helminth components . The type and the duration of the pathogenic stimulus seem to differently modulate phosphorylation of this kinase and to drive distinct cellular behaviours .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…These results appear in contrast with previous evidences showing a transient activation of ERK1,2 pathway in DCs following a short-time exposure to helminth components. 42,43 The type and the duration of the pathogenic stimulus seem to differently modulate phosphorylation of this kinase and to drive distinct cellular behaviours. 41 Furthermore, other DC signalling pathways could be involved and further studies are required to precisely trace the triggering induced by Anisakis infestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anisakis pegreffii impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Napoletano

Mattiucci

Colantoni

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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Human dendritic cells (DCs) show remarkable phenotypic changes when matured in the presence of helminth-derived products. These modifications frequently elicited a polarization towards Th2 cells and regulatory T cells thus contributing to immunological tolerance against these pathogens. In this study, the interaction between DCs and larvae of the zoonotic anisakid nematode Anisakis pegreffii was investigated. A. pegreffii larvae were collected from fish hosts, and monocyte-derived DCs were cocultured in the presence of the live larvae (L) or its crude extracts (CE). In both experimental conditions, A. pegreffii impacted DC viability, hampered DC maturation by reducing the expression of molecules involved in antigen presentation and migration (ie HLA-DR, CD86, CD83 and CCR7), increased the phagosomal radical oxygen species (ROS) levels and modulated the phosphorylation of ERK1,2 pathway. These biological changes were accompanied by the impairment of DCs to activate a T-cell-mediated IFNγ. Interestingly, live larvae appeared to differently modulate DC secretion of cytokines and chemokines as compared to CE. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the immunomodulatory role of A. pegreffii on DCs biology and functions. In addition, they suggest a dynamic contribution of DCs to the induction and maintenance of the inflammatory response against A. pegreffii.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisakis pegreffii impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Napoletano

Mattiucci

Colantoni

et al. 2018

Parasite Immunology

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“…23 The 7C2C5 antigen modulates the immune response in a way similar to whole ES L1. 24 Detection of two of the three proteins of the triade indicated that T spiralis EVs carry immunodominant proteins of the ES L1, which is in accordance with findings in other helminths, where EVs were also found to contain ES proteins, 7 but also that there is selection of ES L1 components to EVs. It should be noted that those proteins are shared between total ES L1 22 and its EVs component.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This antibody recognizes an immunodominant epitope, shared by the 45, 49 and 53 kDa protein triade from T spiralis ES L1 (7C2C5 antigen), that is specific for the muscle larvae stage of the entire Trichinella genus . The 7C2C5 antigen modulates the immune response in a way similar to whole ES L1 . Detection of two of the three proteins of the triade indicated that T spiralis EVs carry immunodominant proteins of the ES L1, which is in accordance with findings in other helminths, where EVs were also found to contain ES proteins, but also that there is selection of ES L1 components to EVs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae release extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory properties

Kosanović

Cvetković

Gruden-Movsesijan

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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Aims Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a newly discovered but universal communication tool between cells or organisms. However, few data exist on nematode EVs and none for Trichinella spiralis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether T spiralis muscle larvae produce EVs, whether they carry immunomodulatory proteins and whether they have a role in immunomodulation as a component of excretory‐secretory muscle larvae products (ES L1). Methods and results EVs were enriched from conditioned medium of T spiralis muscle larvae. Transmission electron microscopy images showed T spiralis EVs to be 30‐80 nm in size, and Western blot confirmed the presence of two out of three glycoproteins with the immunodominant epitope characteristic for muscle larvae of the genus Trichinella. Using a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation assay, it was shown that these EVs elevated production of IL10 and IL6. Conclusion T spiralis muscle larvae produce EVs. Those EVs carry immunomodulatory proteins and have the capacity independently to induce regulatory responses in the same way as the T spiralis excretory‐secretory muscle larvae products from which they were isolated.

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“…Molecules released by T. spiralis Trichinella spiralis can survive for long periods in the host, and this is mediated by the parasite's ability to modulate the host immune response through the secretion of immunomodulatory molecules (Yang et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2014;Sun et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2015;Cvetkovic et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2016) (table 2). ES products released by the different life stages of T. spiralis are involved in acute inflammatory responses and modulate molecular cross-talk between the parasite and host (Sun et al, 2011;Kang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Application Of T Spiralis or Its Products In Therapy Of Tummentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichinella spiralis:inflammation modulator

et al. 2020

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The hygiene hypothesis posits that the decreased incidence of parasitic infection in developed countries may underlie an increased prevalence of allergic and autoimmune diseases in these countries. As unique inflammation modulator of intracellular parasitism, Trichinella spiralis, or its excretory–secretory (ES) product, shows improved responses to allergies, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, rheumatic arthritis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis by exerting immunomodulatory effects on both innate and adaptive immune cells in animal models. Research has shown that T. spiralis differs from other helminths in manipulation of the host immune response not only by well-known characteristics of its life cycle, but also by its inflammation modulation pathway. How the parasite achieves inflammation modulation has not been fully elucidated yet. This review will generalize the mechanism and focuses on ES immunomodulatory molecules of T. spiralis that may be important for developing new therapeutics for inflammatory disorders.

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Immunomodulatory potential of particular Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae excretory–secretory components

Cited by 37 publications

References 58 publications

Anisakis pegreffii impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Anisakis pegreffii impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae release extracellular vesicles with immunomodulatory properties

Trichinella spiralis:inflammation modulator

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