Immunostimulatory effects of polysaccharides isolated from young barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) with dual activation of Th1 and Th2 in splenic T cells and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice

Han, Hee-Soo; Shin, Ji‐Sun; Song, Young-Ran; Rhee, Young Kyoung; Cho, Chang‐Won; Ryu, Jong Hoon; Inn, Kyung‐Soo; Hong, Hee‐Do; Lee, Kyung‐Tae

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.062

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In terms of peak area, the high levels of arabinose, xylose, galactose and galacturonic acid indicated that BLE0 possessed arabinoxylan and rhamnogalacturonan I-rich structures, which is in accordance with previous results [ 14 ]. Additionally, the chemical and monosaccharide compositions of BLE0 were similar to those in previous results of BLE0 prepared by a laboratory-scale experiment [ 16 ], indicating stable BLE0 production from the pilot-scale process.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Previously, we obtained a polysaccharide fraction (BLE0) from pectinase hydrolysate of young barley leaves with immunostimulatory and antiosteoporotic effects [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. It was demonstrated that pectinase application was a useful method for obtaining polysaccharides with enhanced immune activity from barley leaves [ 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pilot-scale manufactured BLE0 was obtained from young barley leaves according to a previously reported method with minor modifications [ 16 ]. Samples of young barley leaves, cultivated in Naju (Jeollanam-do, Korea) in 2017, were harvested 2 weeks after seeding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to recent research trends, we purified the pectinase-treated polysaccharide fraction (BLE0) from young barley leaves. Furthermore, we reported immune-enhancing and antiosteoporotic activities of BLE0, revealing the detailed structure and molecular mechanisms underlying its immunostimulatory activities [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Oral Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Polysaccharide Fraction from Young Barley Leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Cho

Song

Lim

et al. 2020

Foods

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Polysaccharides isolated from various plants are considered precious bioactive materials owing to their potent biological activities. Previously, we prepared a polysaccharide fraction (BLE0) isolated from young barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.), demonstrating its anti-osteoporotic and immunostimulatory activities. However, data regarding BLE0 toxicity is lacking. To establish its safety, in vitro genotoxicity (chromosomal aberration and bacterial reverse mutation assays) and acute oral toxicity assays were conducted. In the in vitro genotoxicity assays, bacterial reverse mutation and chromosomal aberration assays showed that BLE0 possessed no mutagenicity or clastogenicity. Furthermore, the median lethal dose (LD50) of BLE0 was higher than 5000 mg/kg in female and male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and no adverse effects were observed in terms of mortality and abnormal changes in clinical signs (body weight and necropsy). Based on these results, BLE0 was found to be safe with regards to genotoxicity under our test conditions, demonstrating no acute oral toxicity up to 5000 mg/kg in SD rats.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Oral Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Polysaccharide Fraction from Young Barley Leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Cho

Song

Lim

et al. 2020

Foods

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“…A previous study showed that CYP causes overall immunological dysfunction regardless of cell phenotypes by markedly repressing the production of cytokines [42]. Because of the broad toxicity of CYP, the CYP-induced immunosuppression model is the most commonly used in immunostimulatory experiments [43]. The administration of CYP reduced the body weight, spleen index, and thymus index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects of a Low-Molecular Weight Polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera on RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Cyclophosphamide- Induced Immunosuppression Mouse Models

Liu

Jin

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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The water-soluble polysaccharide EP2, from Enteromorpha prolifera, belongs to the group of polysaccharides known as glucuronoxylorhamnan, which mainly contains glucuronic acid (GlcA), xylose (Xyl), and rhamnose (Rha). The aim of this study was to detect the immunomodulatory effects of EP2 on RAW 264.7 macrophages and cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced immunosuppression mouse models. The cells were treated with EP2 for different time periods (0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h). The results showed that EP2 promoted nitric oxide production and up-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that EP2-activated iNOS, COX2, and NLRP3 inflammasomes, and the TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway played an important role. Moreover, EP2 significantly increased the body weight, spleen index, thymus index, inflammatory cell counts, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in CYP-induced immunosuppression mouse models. These results indicate that EP2 might be a potential immunomodulatory drug and provide the scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization and evaluation of E. prolifera in future applications.

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Comprehensive Overview: The Effect of Using Different Solvents for Barley Extraction with Its Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity

Eid

Elkady

Ezzat

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the world's oldest cereal crops. There is considerable interest in barley's potential usage in human diets. Barley is rich in bioactive metabolites such as high content of β-glucan, fiber, and vitamin E. It is also well-known as a rich source of phytochemical derivatives, namely, phenolic acids, flavonols, chalcones, flavones, proanthocyanidins, and flavanones. Phenolic compounds are recognized as excellent dietary materials with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This review was written to give an overview of the main components that are separated from barley using different solvents. Even though there were numerous biological activities for barely, the antioxidant, as well as the anti-inflammatory, are the main focus of this review.

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Immunostimulatory effects of polysaccharides isolated from young barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.) with dual activation of Th1 and Th2 in splenic T cells and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice

Cited by 31 publications

References 61 publications

Acute Oral Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Polysaccharide Fraction from Young Barley Leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Acute Oral Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Polysaccharide Fraction from Young Barley Leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Immunomodulatory Effects of a Low-Molecular Weight Polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera on RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Cyclophosphamide- Induced Immunosuppression Mouse Models

Comprehensive Overview: The Effect of Using Different Solvents for Barley Extraction with Its Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity

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