Impact of Alkali Treatment on Characterization of Tapsi (<i>Sterculia Urens</i>) Natural Bark Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Reddy, K. Hemachandra; Reddy, R. Meenakshi; Ramesh, M.; Krishnudu, D. Mohana; Reddy, B. Madhusudhan; Rao, H. Raghavendra

doi:10.1080/15440478.2019.1623747

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Thus, because of chemical treatment, the crystallinity of composites has increased. [39,40] 3.5 | Thermal analysis epoxy composites (2.05%-3%). The lower weight loss of epoxy resin during the first stage is because of its hydrophobic nature.…”

Section: Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of alkali and silane treatment on mechanical, flammability, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber/epoxy composite

Soni

Sinha

2022

Polymer Composites

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Currently, natural fiber composites are used in many applications (industrial, automotive, and construction) where fire resistance is a critical factor. The main objective of this research work is to investigate the thermal degradation and fire performance of raw and treated fiber composites developed using hand layup with different fiber loadings of 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%. Alkali treatment (5%, wt/vol) and silane treatment (5%, wt/vol) were used to improve the thermal stability and compatibility of hemp fiber with polymer matrix. The developed composites were characterized for thermal (thermogravimetric analysis), chemical (Fourier transform spectroscopy), morphological (scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction), and mechanical behavior. Further, the flammability behavior of the developed composites was investigated using vertical cum horizontal flammability test apparatus and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tester. The results of mechanical characterization reveal that alkali treated fiber composites (20% loading) have the highest tensile strength (24.4 MPa) and flexural strength (46.1 MPa). Composite reinforced with silane-treated fibers have shown excellent flame retardancy with the lowest horizontal burning rate (16.11 mm/min) and higher LOI (23.5%). Scanning electron microscopy confirms the better fiber-matrix compatibility of silane-treated fiber with epoxy.

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Section: Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of alkali and silane treatment on mechanical, flammability, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber/epoxy composite

Soni

Sinha

2022

Polymer Composites

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“…From the experimentation, it was also concluded that Ensete stem fiber could be a possible alternate to synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composites for wide assortment of applications. Reddy et al [64] studied the influence of NaOH and KOH fiber surface modifications on the mechanical properties of Tapsi fiber-reinforced epoxy composites manufactured by hand layup technique. Initially the fibrils were pretreated with 5% of concentrations for two hours.…”

Section: Effect Of Various Chemical Treatments On the Mechanical Prop...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Effect of Various Chemical Treatments on the Mechanical Properties of Renewable Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Aravindh

Sathish

Raj³

et al. 2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Increased environmental concerns and global warming have diverted effort all over the world to focus on renewable and sustainable resources for the next generation of composite products due to their recyclability, renewability, cost effectiveness, and satisfactory mechanical performance. Bio/natural fibers which are environment friendly materials employed as reinforcement have led to developing a biocomposite for reduction in greenhouse emission and carbon footprints. However, biofibers are also having some limitations that need to be addressed including poor compatibility between the reinforcing fiber matrices, high moisture absorption, swelling, poor chemical and fire resistance, and high dispersion of mechanical properties. A lot of research has been performed on physical and mechanical properties of natural fiber composite. Properties of such novel composite mainly depend on adhesion between fiber and matrices. Consequently, poor adhesion, high moisture absorption, and swelling lead to formation of crack in both the matrix and fiber. Therefore, numerous techniques have been tried till date to modify both fiber surfaces to enhance their adhesion and reduce their water absorption. This review article provides comprehensive information about effect of various surface modification techniques that include alkaline, silane, acetylation, permanganate, peroxide, benzoylation, acrylonitrile grafting, maleic anhydride grafted, acrylation, and isocyanate. In addition, the effects of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin of biofibers are also reported. This review concluded that chemical treatment of biofibers with 5% NaOH concentration improves the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the resulting composites compared to untreated fiber composites.

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“…Bisanda [19] reported that alkaline treatment improves the fiber surface adhesive characteristics by removing the natural and artificial impurities from the surface of natural fibers. It is reported by Reddy et al [24] and Ramesh et al [25] that alkali treatment with NaOH involves the decomposition of natural fibers into several individual fibers called fibrils because of the removal of the cementing compounds by delignification thereby increasing the active surface area of contact with polymeric matrices [7,24,25]. They also, therefore, added that alkaline processing directly influences the cellulosic fibril, the degree of polymerization and the extraction of lignin and hemicellulosic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surface treatment on moisture absorption, thermal, and mechanical properties of sisal fiber

Gudayu

Steuernagel

Meiners

et al. 2020

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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Natural fibers are increasingly being used as composite reinforcement for both thermoplastic and thermoset resin, mainly for automotive application. Due to their hydrophilic nature, natural fibers have certain limitations during composite manufacture especially owing to their poor resin wettability, weak fiber–polymer interface, high moisture absorption, and being affected by high temperature in case of thermoplastic resin. This work investigates the impact of sisal fiber modification techniques on moisture absorption, thermal, and mechanical properties of the fiber. Four sisal fiber samples were prepared; untreated, alkaline treated, acetylated, and a combined alkaline-treated/acetylation samples. The samples were evaluated for their hygroscopic nature, thermal stability, and tensile properties. It is found that acetylation resulted in a reduction of moisture absorption of sisal fiber as the acetylated and alkaline-treated/acetylated samples recorded a decrease of 42% and 28%, respectively. Alkaline treatment increased the absorbency owing to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The thermogravimetric result revealed that alkaline treatment improved the thermal stability as the alkali-treated and alkali-treated/acetylated samples showed improvement in thermal properties. The acetylated sample resulted in a significant reduction in tensile strength. But, the results from tensile tests of the alkaline-treated samples showed an insignificant decrease in tensile strength and improvement in the modulus for all treated samples. Fourier-transform infrared and scanning electron microscopic analysis were included in the study to supplement the results with structural and microstructural changes. The effect of those treatments on the sisal–PET composite properties was studied and will be submitted in part 2 of the study.

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Impact of Alkali Treatment on Characterization of Tapsi (Sterculia Urens) Natural Bark Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

Synergistic effect of alkali and silane treatment on mechanical, flammability, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber/epoxy composite

Synergistic effect of alkali and silane treatment on mechanical, flammability, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber/epoxy composite

A Review on the Effect of Various Chemical Treatments on the Mechanical Properties of Renewable Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Effect of surface treatment on moisture absorption, thermal, and mechanical properties of sisal fiber

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