Impact of Blockchain Delay on Grid-Tied Solar Inverter Performance

Gajanur, Nanditha; Greidanus, Mateo D. Roig; Seo, Gab-Su; Mazumder, Sudip K.; Abbaszada, Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1109/pedg51384.2021.9494160

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…To maintain sustainable operation even when a small portion of the system is compromised, some solutions have been proposed in the literature. N. Gajanur et al proposed blockchain-assisted inverter secondary control in which blockchain serves as a secure communication medium [145]. Though high-security methods with multiple security measures such as blockchain may incur additional latency, resulting from reinforced cybersecurity measures, the system can continue to operate under severe cyber-attacks.…”

Section: Event-triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Cyber–Physical Security for Photovoltaic Systems

You-hai

Giani

Elasser

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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Section: Event-triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Cyber–Physical Security for Photovoltaic Systems

You-hai

Giani

Elasser

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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“…One of the main advantages of blockchain-permissioned data control systems is that the data becomes immutable due to the distributed data storage, verification, and validation properties of the blockchain, which can be used to preserve the integrity, privacy, and availability of the smart grid data [9]. The proactive role of blockchain in securing exchanged data against cyberattacks in grid-connected and power-sharing inverters was investigated in [10], [11]; however, the literature has not yet sufficiently addressed the practical application of blockchain for inverter-level control. The majority of blockchain-based smart grid applications concentrate on managing economic dispatch among DERs and energy transactions [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proactive–Reactive Methodology for Cyber-Resilient Inverter Control System

Greidanus,

Seo,

Mazumder

2024

IEEE Access

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This paper presents a unified multi-timescale control approach for a power system with distributed energy resources to achieve cyber-resilient operation. The proposed concept combines two cyber-resilient control methods: proactive and reactive methods. The proactive method uses a blockchain that ensures measurement and control data can be securely exchanged among grid assets and also derives control set points as a load-sharing supervisory control, with an embedded logic called chaincode. The proactive method ensures data integrity, but it inherits stochastic latency with significant standard deviation due to the nature of the distributed ledgers and security measures, leading to challenges in control. To overcome this trade-off, the reactive approach uses event-driven communication. For this approach, rather than communicating the complete data, a lightweight data packet is communicated in a peer-to-peer fashion. Therefore, it guarantees driving the system into a stable operation in case the proactive operation degrades with insufficient latency. To validate the concept, Hyperleger Fabric blockchain 2.2 is used to characterize the latency and is customized for an inverter control system in this study. Based on the use case, a stability analysis is presented to evaluate the impact of the variable delay and to identify the need for a reactive approach to mitigate the effects of a prolonged delay in the proactive method. A test bed with two hardware inverter prototypes and a custom blockchain programmed with the unified method is developed for validation. A set of hardware experimental results validates the methodology and demonstrates the inverter system operations achieving frequency recovery and load-sharing restoration based on the unified control method.INDEX TERMS Cyber-resilient control, blockchain, event-triggered, supervisory control, load-sharing, frequency recovery system with an increased number of assets-but also security issues-how to operate such a communication-dependent system in a cyber-secure manner [2]. To effectively manage and control various DERs, along with local distribution and transmission networks, it is deemed critical to establish extensive real-time data connectivity through wide-area networks (WANs), protocol standards, and real-time monitoring devices [3].Enhancing the cybersecurity measures to the DER control communication networks comes at the cost of increased communication latency due to data processing, supplementary router/switch hops, fire-walling, cryptography techniques,

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Blockchain-Enabled Cyber-Secure Microgrid Control Using Consensus Algorithm

Mahmud

Seo

2021

2021 IEEE 22nd Workshop on Control and Modelling of Power Electronics (COMPEL)

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Impact of Blockchain Delay on Grid-Tied Solar Inverter Performance

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

A Review of Cyber–Physical Security for Photovoltaic Systems

A Review of Cyber–Physical Security for Photovoltaic Systems

A Proactive–Reactive Methodology for Cyber-Resilient Inverter Control System

Blockchain-Enabled Cyber-Secure Microgrid Control Using Consensus Algorithm

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