Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Glycemia in Individuals With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Substudy of the COVAC-DM Study

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common associated comorbidity with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia patients.Coagulation disorders with D-dimer levels are increased in both diseases. This study aimed to compare the levels of D-dimer in DM and non-DM patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and correlate it with the disease severity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study. It was conducted at royal care hospital, isolation COVID-19 Centre in 2021. The study included 130 patients with COVID-19 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a structured datasheet. The disease was diagnosed by a nasal swab polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Participants were divided into diabetics and non-diabetics depending on the history from the datasheet. The data were analysed with Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Results:The study showed that 73.1% of the participants were males and 26.9% were females. The most frequent age group was >65 years. The percentages of diabetics and non-diabetics, among the study participants, were found to be 41.5% and 58.5%, respectively. Moreover, 52.3% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).This study revealed that D-dimer was higher compared with diabetes mellitus. The diabetics were associated with higher levels of D-dimer compared to non-diabetics.Regarding the correlation between the level of D-dimer and severity of COVID-19, it was found that there is a significant association, as the ICU patients were associated with higher levels of D-dimer in comparison with non-ICU patients. Conclusion:This study concluded that there is a significant association between the high D-dimer level and severity of COVID-19 among diabetic patients.

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“…Some of the potential mechanisms explaining this situation are altered immune response, cytokine storm and glucose metabolism. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between D‐dimer levels in diabetic and non‐diabetic positive COVID‐19 adult patients: A hospital‐based study

Elbashir

Mohamed

Essa

et al. 2022

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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“…Recently, a retrospective study of 161 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes showed no significant difference in TIR with COVID-19 vaccination [22]. Interestingly, in a sub-analysis of the same study, a deterioration of glucose levels represented by a decrease of TIR and an increase of time above range (TAR) was observed in type 1 diabetes patients [22]. The mechanisms linking COVID-19 vaccines and the alterations of glucose homeostasis may be only hypothesized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, no significant difference in TIR was found before or after second dose vaccination in 35 subjects with type 1 diabetes using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) device [21]. Recently, a retrospective study of 161 individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes showed no significant difference in TIR with COVID-19 vaccination [22]. Interestingly, in a sub-analysis of the same study, a deterioration of glucose levels represented by a decrease of TIR and an increase of time above range (TAR) was observed in type 1 diabetes patients [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Safety Analysis of mRNA and Viral Vector COVID-19 Vaccines on Glucose Metabolism Events

et al. 2022

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Few data have been published on the effects of impaired glucose metabolism induced by COVID-19 vaccines. We decided to perform a study to describe Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) of impaired glucose metabolism events reported in the European database (Eudravigilance, EV). ICSRs were retrieved from the online website of Eudravigilance. The reporting odds ratios (ROR) were computed to assess the reporting frequency for COVID-19 mRNA vaccines compared to COVID-19 viral vector-based vaccines. A total of 3917 ICSRs with a COVID-19 vaccine suspected were retrieved, with a total of 4275 impaired glucose metabolism events. Overall, the most reported events were related to “high glucose levels” (2012; 47.06%). The mRNA vaccines were associated with an increased reporting frequency of “type 1 diabetes mellitus” (ROR 1.86; 95%CI 1.33–2.60), “type 2 diabetes mellitus” (ROR 1.58; 95%CI 1.03–2.42), “high glucose levels” (ROR 1.16; 95%CI 1.06–1.27), “diabetes mellitus inadequate control” (ROR 1.63; 95%CI 1.25–2.11), and “hypoglycemia” (ROR 1.62; 95%CI 1.41–1.86) compared to viral vector-based vaccines. mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were associated with an increased reporting frequency of alterations of glucose homeostasis compared to viral-vector COVID-19 vaccines. Clinicians should be aware of these events to better manage glycemic perturbations. Larger nationwide studies are warranted to verify these findings.

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“…10 Nonetheless, deterioration in glycaemia was still observed in people with T1D when side effects were reported following the administration of COVID-19 vaccine. 11 While this observation should be further investigated in larger studies, health care professionals should immediately consider potential glycaemic aberrations in response to COVID-19 immunisation, and thus intensify glucose monitoring within the weeks before and after vaccination.…”

Section: Covac-dm (Immune Response To Covid-19 Vaccination In People ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 Nonetheless, deterioration in glycaemia was still observed in people with T1D when side effects were reported following the administration of COVID‐19 vaccine. 11 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Third dose of COVID‐19 vaccine in diabetes: Relevance of good metabolic control to improve its efficacy

Pieralice

D’Onofrio

Pozzilli

et al. 2022

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Glycemia in Individuals With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Substudy of the COVAC-DM Study

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison between D‐dimer levels in diabetic and non‐diabetic positive COVID‐19 adult patients: A hospital‐based study

Comparison between D‐dimer levels in diabetic and non‐diabetic positive COVID‐19 adult patients: A hospital‐based study

European Safety Analysis of mRNA and Viral Vector COVID-19 Vaccines on Glucose Metabolism Events

Third dose of COVID‐19 vaccine in diabetes: Relevance of good metabolic control to improve its efficacy

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