2009
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-02478-8_88
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Impact of Frequency Selection on LCD Screens for SSVEP Based Brain-Computer Interfaces

Abstract: Abstract. In this work, the high impact of appropriate selection of visual stimuli on liquid crystal displays (LCDs) used for the brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on the Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) has been confirmed. The number of suitable frequencies on the standard LCD monitor is limited due to the vertical refresh rate of 60Hz and the number of simultaneously used stimuli. Two sets of frequencies have been compared among each other during the on-line spelling task with the Bremen-B… Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…Besides, the choice of an optimal set of frequencies in relation to the user is limited as the frequencies of the flickering boxes depend of the device. For instance, the choice of an LCD screen reduces the personalization of the frequencies due to its vertical refresh rate [25].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Besides, the choice of an optimal set of frequencies in relation to the user is limited as the frequencies of the flickering boxes depend of the device. For instance, the choice of an LCD screen reduces the personalization of the frequencies due to its vertical refresh rate [25].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The chosen frequencies correspond to periods equivalent to 8, 7, 6, 5 and 9 frames on the LCD screen respectively. A fixed number of frames within one period assures the frequency stability [25].…”
Section: Materials and Hardwarementioning
confidence: 99%
“…To produce an accurate response, the stimulus flicker frequency must be precise and consistent throughout the period the user is focusing. Traditionally, SSVEP is evoked using flickers produced with liquid crystal display (LCD) screens in which the flicker frequencies are limited to the refresh rate of the LCD [17][18][19]. For a standard LCD screen, the refresh rate is fixed at 60 Hz and the frequencies that can be generated are 6.66 Hz (i.e.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The work of Volosyak et al [15] present a set of possible frequencies that could be used on an LCD screen. In a small pre-experiment trial performed with 7 participants every combination of their proposed frequencies were tested to select the three frequencies that were used in this study.…”
Section: Steady-state Visually Evoked Potentialsmentioning
confidence: 99%