Impact of Lockdown in India: A Case Study on Karnataka with International Model

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared an epidemic and a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO), prompting various countries to implement early and stringent social distancing protocols through lockdown, to flatten the epidemic curve. The objective of our present study was to assess the impacts and effectiveness of the lockdown protocol in Karnataka and Punjab, compared with the implementation of this method in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK). This study involved the collection of data from different authorized databases, in two phases. The first phase included the time starting with the first-reported index case through the 14th day after the declaration of lockdown, for each country. The second phase involved the data collected between the 15th day through the 28th day of the lockdown. The highest doubling rate for cases was observed in Australia, followed by Karnataka and Punjab, whereas the lowest was observed in the UK. Comparisons of the numbers of the samples tested, the mortality rate, and the recovery rate between Karnataka and Punjab, after the implementation of lockdown, revealed a better recovery rate and lower mortality rate in Karnataka than in Punjab. Our study revealed that the implementation of social distancing and lockdown reduced the transmission of the coronavirus and the number of cases reported. However, the effectiveness of lockdown varied among locations, due to demographic and physiological differences.

RETRACTED: Analyzing the factors affecting the attitude of public toward lockdown, institutional trust, and civic engagement activities

“…The pandemic had widely affected the regions of Veneto, Po valley, and other regions which were known to be the richest regions with industries, agriculture, and International trade and commerce (De Natale et al, 2020; Kabir et al, 2020). The spike in the number of cases forced the Malaysian as well as Indian government to go into lockdown within hours where only essential movement of vehicles were allowed, people were allowed to strictly stay at home and come out only to buy groceries, medicines, and so forth (Bhagavathula et al, 2020; De Natale et al, 2020; Sebastian et al, 2020). With the aim of curbing the coronavirus outbreak, Malaysian Government or institutions adopted a series of measures that includes shutting down the educational institutions, offices, information campaigns on the virus, and shutting down the shops and others which led to subsequent lockdown (Gallè, Sabella, Ferracuti, et al, 2020).…”

“…According to Quinn et al (2013), people trust the public institutions or government officials, especially during the pandemic. Thus, the current study tries to examine the Malaysian and Indian citizens' trust in the institutions along with its direct relation to civic activities conducted by the officials (Cook & Cook, 2011; Elnadi et al, 2020; Gallè, Sabella, Da Molin et al, 2020; Sebastian et al, 2020; Tilaki et al, 2021; Zhong et al, 2020). For this, citizens' attitude toward nation, trust in institution as well as government, civic engagement activities has been broadly considered.…”

Impact of COVID 19 pandemic on blood transfusion services at a rural based district Hospital Blood-Bank, India

“…, which is consistent with various studies conducted worldwide. [4][5][6]9 Also the walk-in donors do not have an easy access to the blood bank due to mobility constraints and strict measures put in place to prevent the spread of SARS COV-2 virus. [10][11][12] The voluntary blood donation camps and mobile blood drives have also drastically reduced post COVID 19 outbreak (Tables 3 and 4), which could be due to cancellation of pre-planned blood donation camps because of closure of educational institutions, employment campuses and voluntary organizations, which is similar to observations made by other blood bank associated health institutions.…”

“…First case reported in Karnataka was on 9 th March 2020. 6 Six month's data before and after COVID 19 outbreak following first reported case in Karnataka was collected. All the data pertaining to total number of blood donors including both voluntary and replacement donors were noted from Donor register, Blood transfusion recipient's details from blood issue register, total number of Blood donation camps from Voluntary blood camps register and Blood stock inventory including blood discard details from blood stock register was collected and analyzed statistically using SPSS software version 25.0 and expressed in percentages, mean and standard deviation (SD).…”