Impact of moisture relationships on the management of Pinus pinaster ait. Plantations in Western Australia

Butcher, T.B.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(76)90014-1

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Butcher (1977) found soil moisture to be the most limiting factor affecting growth in Australian Pinus pinaster plantations. This reinforces our results, which may be useful for developing management operations in places where this species is not considered autochthonous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

2010

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Background:Research on natural regeneration is crucial for the development of sustainable forestry practices, in light of the global climate changes taking place. In this study one hundred and fifty-one plots were sampled in six Pinus pinaster stands that were naturally regenerated by the seed-tree method in Mediterranean forests in central Spain. Objective:The objectives of the survey were to study the suitability of different forest stands designated for natural regeneration as well as to analyse seedling establishment and the relationship between regeneration and different site factors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis with canonical ordination techniques were employed. Full and partial redundancy analyses (RDAs) on a correlation matrix were used to carry out a direct gradient analysis of regeneration density as a function of site factors.Results: Nearly all stands presented seedling densities over 2000 seedlings/ha and were thus found to be suitable for natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster by the seed-tree selection method. Significant variables that best explained total seedling and viable seedling density were spring and autumn precipitation of the year prior to establishment, spring and summer precipitation of the year of establishment, and percentage cover of litter. There were no signs of competition between shrubs and seedlings, but a negative significant correlation with grass cover was observed. Pinus pinaster natural regeneration was successful with the seed-tree method, although it appeared to be highly dependent on climate and stand conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

2010

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“…We might expect that P. pinaster, a species with long-lived foliage, will ultimately be more productive in this habitat, not through greater carbon gain, but via a suite of traits which enables it to survive (see also Chapin 1980). For example, the greater drought tolerance of P. pinaster (Hopkins 1971;Butcher 1977) enables almost 100% survival at this site for which there are reports of substantial drought deaths in P. radiata stands (J. McGrath, unpublished work).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are important commercial timber species and are widely planted in monoculture outside their native range. In Western Australia, P. radiata generally exhibits faster growth than P. pinaster (Butcher 1977). Despite its slower growth P. pinaster is favoured for planting in areas of low rainfall (<750 mm) because of a supposed greater drought resistance (Hopkins 1971) and tolerance of infertile sands (Butcher 1977).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade-offs between the persistence of foliage and productivity in two Pinus species

Warren¹,

Adams²

2000

Oecologia

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We investigated interspecific variation in leaf lifespan (persistence) and consequent differences in leaf biochemistry, anatomy, morphology, patterns of whole-tree carbon allocation and stand productivity. We tested the hypothesis that a species with short-lived foliage, Pinus radiata D. Don (mean leaf lifespan 2.5 years), grows faster than P. pinaster Ait., a species with more persistent foliage (leaf lifespan 5.6 years), and that the faster growth rate of P. radiata is associated with a greater allocation of nitrogen and carbon to photosynthetic tissues across a range of scales. In fully sunlit foliage, the proportion of leaf N in the major photosynthetic enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase) was greater in P. radiata than in P. pinaster, and, in mid-canopy foliage, the proportion of leaf N in thylakoid proteins was greater in P. radiata. A lesser proportion of needle cross-sectional area was occupied by structural tissue in P. radiata compared to P. pinaster. Foliage mass in stands of P. radiata was 9.7 t ha compared with 18.2 t ha in P. pinaster while leaf area index of both species was similar at 4.6 m m, owing to the compensating effect of differences in specific leaf area. Hence trade-offs between persistence and productivity were apparent as interspecific differences in patterns of whole-tree carbon allocation, needle morphology, anatomy and biochemistry. However, these interspecific differences did not translate into differences at the stand scale since rates of biomass accumulation were similar in both species (P. radiata 6.9±0.9 kg year tree; P. pinaster 7.4±0.9 kg year tree). The similarities in performance at larger scales suggest that leaf area index (and radiation interception) determines growth and productivity.

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“…in the expectation that thinning would increase the availability of soil water to individual trees (e.g. Butcher 1977;Aussenac and Granier 1988), thereby reducing drought stress [i.e. Ψ (Whitehead et al 1984;Aussenac and Granier 1988;Bréda et al 1995)], WUE (Lauteri et al 1997) and δ 13 C. Thinning also frequently increases interception of radiation and foliar nutrient concentrations, and these might be expected to increase WUE (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water availability and carbon isotope discrimination in conifers

McGrath²,

2001

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The stable C isotope composition (δC) of leaf and wood tissue has been used as an index of water availability at both the species and landscape level. However, the generality of this relationship across species has received little attention. We compiled literature data for a range of conifers and examined relationships among landscape and environmental variables (altitude, precipitation, evaporation) and δC. A significant component of the variation in δC was related to altitude (discrimination decreased with altitude in stemwood, 2.53‰ km altitude, r =0.49, and in foliage, 1.91‰ km, r =0.42), as has been noted previously. The decrease in discrimination with altitude was such that the gradient in CO partial pressure into the leaf (P -P) and altitude were generally unrelated. The ratio of precipitation to evaporation (P/E) explained significant variation in P -P of stemwood (r =0.45) and foliage (r=0.27), but only at low (<0.8) P/E. At greater P/E there was little or no relationship, and other influences on δC probably dominated the effect of water availability. We also examined the relationship between plant drought stress (Ψ) and δC within annual rings of stemwood from Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster in south-western Australia. Differential thinning and fertiliser application produced large differences in the availability of water, nutrients and light to individual trees. At a density of 750 stems ha, Ψ and δC were less (more negative) than at 250 stems ha indicating greater drought stress and less efficient water use, contrary to what was expected in light of the general relationship between discrimination and P/E. The greater δC of trees from heavily thinned plots may well be related to an increased interception of radiation by individual trees and greater concentrations of nutrients in foliage - attributes that increase rates of photosynthesis, reduce P and increase δC. δC was thus modified to a greater extent by interception of radiation and by nutrient concentrations than by water availability and the δC-Ψ relationship varied between thinning treatments. Within treatments, the relationship between δC and Ψ was strong (0.38

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Impact of moisture relationships on the management of Pinus pinaster ait. Plantations in Western Australia

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

Environmental influences on post-harvest natural regeneration of Pinus pinaster Ait. in Mediterranean forest stands submitted to the seed-tree selection method

Trade-offs between the persistence of foliage and productivity in two Pinus species

Water availability and carbon isotope discrimination in conifers

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