Impact of Reduced Fungicide and Tillage on Foliar Blight, Fruit Rot, and Yield of Processing Tomatoes

Louws, Frank J.; Hausbeck, M. K.; Kelly, John F.; Stephens, C. T.

doi:10.1094/pd-80-1251

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This is in agreement with previous findings (McKeown et al 1988) and more recently by Louws et al (1996). This lack of major disease problems may have several causes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This re-enforces our initial study (McKeown et al 1988) and a more recent study using zone-tillage (Louws et al 1996). However, strip-tilled plots often had numerically lower yields which is an indication that improvements can be made.…”

Section: Tillage and Cover Cropssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…It is our opinion that reduced tillage systems require higher levels of crop management. Additionally, higher levels of disease management were advocated by Louws et al (1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

McKeown¹,

Cerkauskas²,

Potter³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 341-348. A 6-yr (1987-1992) experiment, continuous on the same site, evaluated potential problems for yield, nematodes and diseases with tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown in a strip-till system. Treatments consisted of conventional tillage (CT) and strip tillage (ST), rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cover crops and a 2-yr rye-tomato rotation. Results of the first 5 yr indicated a decrease in tomato yield over time for both tillage treatments and cover crops. However, yield rebounded overall for treatments in 1992 with the highest yield in the rye-tomato rotation. We suspect this was a result of high populations of rootknot nematodes which collapsed over the winter of 1991/1992. Tomato yields were lower following wheat and perennial ryegrass than rye. In only 1 yr out of 6, strip-tillage reduced yield compared with conventional tillage. Bacterial speck/spot symptoms on foliage, although minor, were significantly greater in ST than in CT plots during the last 3 yr. No major trends in incidence and severity of bacterial and fungal diseases and of disorders of fruit were evident during the 5-yr period and neither fruit yield nor quality were significantly affected by these factors. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) were numerically less in the rye-tomato rotation than in other treatments; both root-knot and root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans [Cobb]) tended to be less numerous under CT than under ST. Strip-tillage is feasible for machine harvest processing tomatoes. However, we are concerned about the tendency of tomatoes grown under reduced tillage to have lower yields than those grown under conventional tillage. More work is required on the interactions of cultivars, cover crops and nematodes in soil conservation systems. (1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992) au même emplacement, nous avons évalué les effets éventuels du travail du sol dans la raie de plantation sur le rendement de la tomate ainsi que sur les maladies et sur les populations de nématode. Les traitements comparés étaient : travail classique du sol (TC), travail dans la raie de plantation (TR), culture couvre-sol de seigle (Secale cereale L.), de blé (Triticum aestivum L.) et de ray-grass vivace (Lolium perenne L.) et rotation de 2 ans seigle-tomate. Le résultat des cinq premières années font voir une diminution en fonction du temps du rendement de tomate dans les traitements de travail du sol et de couvre-sol. On constatait cependant une remontée générale des rendements dans tous les traitements en 1992, particulièrement dans la rotation seigle-tomate. Ce phénomène serait dû à un effondrement des fortes populations de nématodes radicicoles au cours de l'hiver 1991-1992. Le rendement de tomate était plus bas après couvre-sol de blé ou de ray-grass qu'après couvre-sol de seigle. Dans une année seulement sur les 6 o...

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“…This is in agreement with previous findings (McKeown et al 1988) and more recently by Louws et al (1996). This lack of major disease problems may have several causes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Tillage and Cover Cropssupporting

confidence: 80%

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Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

McKeown¹,

Cerkauskas²,

Potter³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The use of protectant fungicides such as chlorothalonil is important for reducing fungal foliar disease severity, maintaining fruit quality, and prolonging fruit ripening; but fungicide sprays may not always have positive effects on fruit yields (Brammall 1993;Poysa et al 1993;Louws et al 1996;Byrne et al 1997). Under natural conditions of disease development, foliar sprays of chlorothalonil fungicide significantly reduced foliar disease severity at two of the three locations in Southwestern Ontario (Poysa et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts have been made to reduce fungicide residues on tomato fruit by decreasing the fungicide rates (Precheur et al 1992;Louws et al 1996). Weather-based forecast systems can also reduce fungicide residues by decreasing the number of sprays (Madden et al 1978;Pennypacker et al 1983;Pitblado 1988;Gleason et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of foliar sprays ofBacillus subtilisQST 713 on development of early blight disease and yield of field tomatoes in Ontario

Abbasi

Weselowski

2014

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Early blight is an economically important foliar disease of processing and fresh market tomatoes. The aim of this multi-year field study was to investigate the impact of weekly foliar sprays of dried and aqueous formulations of Bacillus subtilis QST 713 (Serenade and Rhapsody), alone or as tank mixes with copper hydroxide, on early blight disease development and fruit yields of tomato. Field plots were established in London, Ontario during the 2008-2010 growing seasons and disease conditions were created artificially by inoculations with spore suspension of the early blight pathogen. The tank mixes of copper hydroxide and chlorothalonil were included as a standard spray treatment. Late blight also appeared naturally in the plots late in 2009 and 2010 field seasons and affected fruit in both years, but more severely in 2009. Spray treatments had variable effects on tomato early blight and fruit yields depending on the level of disease pressure in the inoculated plots. The weekly sprays of biofungicide alone did not consistently reduce disease severity on tomato foliage or incidence on fruit, but in a tank mix with copper hydroxide, both formulations consistently reduced foliar disease severity even when disease pressure was high in plots. Under high disease conditions, copper hydroxide alone or as a tank mix with chlorothalonil also consistently reduced disease severity on foliage. The mixture of two fungicides also consistently increased total fruit yields in all 3 years. Plots sprayed with copper hydroxide alone and in tank mixes with chlorothalonil and the dried formulation of biofungicide consistently had less late blight-infected fruit. The combined effects of biofungicides and copper hydroxide or other fungicides should be further investigated for consistent disease management and yield improvement.Résumé: L'alternariose est une maladie foliaire de grande importance économique qui touche autant les tomates de transformation que les tomates fraiches destinées au marché. Le but de cette étude pluriannuelle menée sur le terrain était d'évaluer les effets d'applications foliaires hebdomadaires de préparations aqueuses et sèches du biofongicide Serenade (Bacillus subtilis QST 713), seul ou comme mélanges en réservoir avec de l'hydroxyde de cuivre, sur le développement de l'alternariose et le rendement des plants de tomate. De 2008 à 2010, durant les saisons de croissance, des parcelles ont été délimitées à London, en Ontario, et la maladie y a été introduite artificiellement en inoculant les plants avec une suspension de spores de l'agent pathogène. Les mélanges en réservoir d'hydroxyde de cuivre et de chlorthalonil constituaient un traitement par pulvérisation standard. Tard dans les saisons de 2009 et 2010, le mildiou est apparu naturellement dans les parcelles et a infecté les fruits, mais plus gravement en 2009. Les traitements par pulvérisation ont eu des effets variables sur l'alternariose de la tomate et le rendement des plants, selon le taux de pression de la maladie dans les parcelles inoculées. Les pulv...

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Managing Cover Crops in No-Till Farming Systems

DeLaune¹

2020

No-Till Farming Systems for Sustainable Agriculture

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Impact of Reduced Fungicide and Tillage on Foliar Blight, Fruit Rot, and Yield of Processing Tomatoes

Cited by 22 publications

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Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

Influence of foliar sprays ofBacillus subtilisQST 713 on development of early blight disease and yield of field tomatoes in Ontario

Managing Cover Crops in No-Till Farming Systems

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