Impacts of climate change and CO2 increase on agricultural production and adaptation options for Southern Québec, Canada

Brassard, Jean-Phillipe; Singh, Bhawan

doi:10.1007/s11027-007-9109-2

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…HadCM3 scenarios were more benign than the GISS scenarios, due to a smaller increase in air temperature. Higher temperatures translate into faster crop development and earlier maturation which results in lower crop yields because the plant intercepts less cumulative solar radiation before it reaches maturity and harvest (Young et al, 2000;Brassard and Singh, 2008;Rawson, 1992). The future climate scenarios used had maximum daily temperatures >30 • C on several days during the growing season especially with the GISS scenarios (Tingem et al, 2008c).…”

Section: Crop Responses To Future Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation assessments for crop production in response to climate change in Cameroon

Tingem

Rivington²,

Bellocchi³

2008

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Cameroonian agricultural sector, a critical part of the local ecosystem, is potentially vulnerable to climate change, thus raising concerns about food security in the country's future. Adaptations policies may be able to mitigate some of this vulnerability. This article addresses the issue of selected adaptation options within the context of Cameroonian food production. A methodology is applied where transient diagnostics of two atmosphere-ocean general circulation models, the NASA/Goddard Institute GISS and the British HadCM3, are coupled to a cropping system simulation model (CropSyst). This methodology simulates current and future (2020, 2080) crop yields for selected key crops such as bambara nut, groundnut, maize, sorghum, and soybean, in eight agricultural regions of Cameroon. Our results show that for the future, substantial yield increases are estimated for bambara groundnut, soybean and groundnut, while little or no change or even decreases for maize and sorghum yields, varying according to the climate scenario and the agricultural region investigated. Taking the "no regrets" principle into consideration, we also explore the advantages of specific adaptation strategies specifically for three crops, maize, sorghum and bambara groundnut, under GISS A2 and B2 marker scenarios only. Here, changing sowing dates may be ineffective in counteracting adverse climatic effects because of the narrow rainfall band that strictly determines the timing of farm operations in Cameroon. In contrast, the possibility of developing later maturing new cultivars proved to be very effective in offsetting adverse impacts, giving the highest increases in productivity under different scenario projections without management changes. For example, under climate change scenario GISS A2 2080, a 14.6% reduction in maize yield was converted to a 32.1% increase; a 39.9% decrease in sorghum yield was converted to a 17.6% increase, and for bambara groundnut, yields were almost trebled due to increase length of growing period and the positive effects of higher CO 2 concentrations. These results better inform wider studies and development strategies on sustainable agriculture in the area by providing an indication as to the potential direction in shifts in production capabilities. Our approach highlights the benefit of using models as tools to investigate potential climate change impacts, where results can supplement existing knowledge. The findings also provide useful guidance and motivation to public authorities and development agencies interested in food security issues in Cameroon and elsewhere.

show abstract

Section: Crop Responses To Future Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation assessments for crop production in response to climate change in Cameroon

Tingem

Rivington²,

Bellocchi³

2008

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Focusing exclusively on increasing agricultural production is too short-sighted in the context of sustainable food and nutrition security under climate change because producing more food does not necessarily lead to better access to food or to improved nutritional status of those who need it most [11]. Adaptation is increasingly seen as an inevitable answer to the challenges posed by climate change [12]. Diversification of crops including new crop types and cultivars is one adaptation strategy that has been identified as a potential farm level response to climate change and variability [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate smart crops for food and nutritional security for semi-arid zones of Zimbabwe

Jiri¹,

P²,

Chivenge³

2017

AJFAND

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Southern Africa smallholder farmers continue to be the most affected by the challenges of climate change and variability. The variability of climate demands the use of a variety of agronomic strategies and crop choices. Traditional drought tolerant cereal crops such as sorghum and millets are often chosen when drought seasons are anticipated. However, there are certain crops, originating elsewhere, that could help the smallholder farmers increase diversity of crops that can be grown in changed climates. Trials were conducted to test a basket of known and introduced climate smart crops in the field. The cereal crops tested were maize, sorghum, pearl and finger millet, and legumes: tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolias), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Bambara nut (Vigna subterranea), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan. A second experiment was conducted to determine the effects of inorganic fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation on the growth and grain yield of field grown tepary bean. Both experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Due to drought conditions during the growing season, cereal crops could not produce grain yield, as there was no grain filling. Despite this, cereal biomass was 5t ha -1 for maize, followed by sorghum (1.3t ha -1 ) and millet (1.2t ha -1 ). Legume crops produced grain with cowpea yielding 568.1kg ha -1 of grain, followed by tepary bean (245.9kg ha -1 ) and common bean (227kg ha -1 ). This is important for food, nutrition and health security of smallholder communities. Tepary bean inoculated with rhizobium and had fertilizer applied produced higher grain yield than those without fertilizer or rhizobium inoculant (P£0.05). In conclusion, resource poor farmers, affected by drought effects of climate change, can adopt both cereals and legumes climate smart crops, in order to create food and nutritional security. This is crucial for food and nutritional security of vulnerable households affected by climate change and variability.

show abstract

“…Implementing such types of adaptation strategies have been shown to lead to an increase in crop yields under a warmer climate (Challinor et al, 2014). Increased amounts of fertilizer will be required to grow some crops for a longer period (Brassard and Singh, 2008) which may amplify the transport of nutrients toward water bodies. Nutrient transportation may be especially prone to occur with the increased risk of more intense precipitation events in the future, such as those simulated for Germany (Tomassini and Jacob, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the impacts of climate change and crop land use change on streamflow, nitrates and phosphorus: A modeling study in Bavaria

Mehdi

Ludwig

Lehner

2015

Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tStudy region: Bavaria, Germany. Study focus: The Altmühl River is prone to nutrient inputs from agricultural activities. Quantifying nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 − -N) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations due to potential future changes in the watershed is necessary for managing water quality and adhering to water policy directives. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to provide stakeholders with support in determining the impacts of climate change (CC) in combination with crop land use change (LUC) scenarios on streamflow, NO 3 − -N and TP to the 2050 time horizon. The CC simulations stemmed from RCMs and the LUC scenarios were developed with stakeholders. New hydrological insights for the region: When CC was combined with LUC, mean annual NO 3 − -N loads increased 3-fold, and TP loads 8-fold, compared to the CC simulations alone. Nutrient loads were higher in several months due to the future increased annual precipitation plus the additional fertilizer input in the land use scenarios. The maize areas above the Altmühl Lake contributed greatly to TP loads, while winter wheat areas mainly contributed to NO 3 − -N loads. When CC was combined with LUC, the in-stream nutrient concentrations exceeded ministerial guidelines of 11 mg TP/L and 0.05 mgNO 3 − -N/L every month at the outlet. CC simulations combined with LUC scenarios demonstrated non-linear dynamics whereby the direction and the magnitude of impacts were not predictable from the individual changes alone.

show abstract

Impacts of climate change and CO2 increase on agricultural production and adaptation options for Southern Québec, Canada

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Adaptation assessments for crop production in response to climate change in Cameroon

Adaptation assessments for crop production in response to climate change in Cameroon

Climate smart crops for food and nutritional security for semi-arid zones of Zimbabwe

Evaluating the impacts of climate change and crop land use change on streamflow, nitrates and phosphorus: A modeling study in Bavaria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About