Impacts of Estuarine Acidification on Survival and Growth of Sydney Rock Oysters Saccostrea Glomerata (Gould 1850)

Dove, Michael; Sammut, Jesmond

doi:10.2983/0730-8000(2007)26[519:ioeaos]2.0.co;2

Cited by 59 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the laboratory, Saccostrea glomerata suffered shell degradation, soft tissue lesions and reduced filtration rates following just 6 h of exposure to water of pH 5.1 (Dove & Sammut 2007a). In the field, up to 85% of small oysters were observed to have shell lesions following 2 mo of exposure to waters of average pH 5.47 (Dove & Sammut 2007b). The weaker effects observed in the present study may be because it was conducted in a relatively dry period, during which the acidified sites had a pH of 6.52 to 6.98.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…Previously, shell dissolution has been observed among transplanted Saccostrea glomerata, after only 6 h exposure to ASS-affected waters in the laboratory (Dove & Sammut 2007a), and after 40 d exposure in the field (Dove & Sammut 2007b). Similar shell dissolution of gastropod shells has also been noted in acidified estuaries (Marshall et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Effects of estuarine acidification on predator–prey interactions

Amaral¹,

Cabral²,

Bishop³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Short-term experiments exposing calcifying organisms to acidification have revealed altered growth and strength of their exoskeletons. We tested the hypothesis that multi-generational exposure to sustained estuarine acidification from runoff from acid sulphate soils (ASS) would: (1) reduce the shell strength of sessile or relatively immobile wild benthic invertebrates and (2) as a consequence render these invertebrates that rely on armour for anti-predator defence more susceptible to generalist benthic predators. First, we compared the force required to break the exoskeletons of Saccostrea glomerata, Bembicium auratum, and Heloecius cordiformis between replicate south-east Australian mangrove forests close to (acidified) and away from (reference) major ASS outflow drains. Second, we assessed differences in the susceptibility of oysters from acidified and reference forests to predation by the generalist muricid gastropod Morula marginalba. Mollusc shells were significantly weaker at ASS-affected than at reference sites, but the strength of crab carapaces was not influenced by acidification. Oysters from acidified sites were consumed by M. marginalba at a faster rate than oysters from reference sites in choice and nochoice experiments because M. marginalba required less time to drill through weaker shells. Many other predators such as crabs are generalist feeders that consume prey at rates inversely proportional to their shell strength. Hence, in the absence of effects of acidification on the ability of these predators to consume prey, molluscs at acidified sites may also be more susceptible to other such predators. This study highlights how human stressors can rapidly alter predator-prey interactions that have evolved over many years.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of estuarine acidification on predator–prey interactions

Amaral¹,

Cabral²,

Bishop³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…However, they exhibited significantly lower growth rates than specimens maintained at the relatively high pH sites. In contrast, Dove and Sammut (2007) reported higher mortality in the small Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata, caused by acid-induced shell degradation (perforated valves) at sites impacted by ASS compared with reference sites. The decomposition of sedimentary organic matter in estuaries resulting in increasing CO 2 levels and subsequent undersaturation of sediment carbonates is another process that can alter the recruitment and survival of just-settled shelled molluscs.…”

Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The upwelling of CO 2 -enriched waters from oxygen minimum zones also results in low pH conditions in estuarine and coastal waters. Estuarine acidification can also result from increasing eutrophication and regional changes in land use (Dove and Sammut 2007). In spite of high pH fluctuations and simultaneous effects of other physicochemical variables such as temperature, chemical element content (hydrogen sulphide or arsenic), dissolved oxygen levels or sediment composition, these naturally CO 2 -rich habitats can serve as analogues for future more acidic ecosystems.…”

Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of ocean acidification on marine shelled molluscs

et al. 2013

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Over the next century, elevated quantities of atmospheric CO 2 are expected to penetrate into the oceans, causing a reduction in pH (-0.3/-0.4 pH unit in the surface ocean) and in the concentration of carbonate ions (so-called ocean acidification). Of growing concern are the impacts that this will have on marine and estuarine organisms and ecosystems. Marine shelled molluscs, which colonized a large latitudinal gradient and can be found from intertidal to deep-sea habitats, are economically and ecologically important species providing essential ecosystem services including habitat structure for benthic organisms, water purification and a food source for other organisms. The effects of ocean acidification on the growth and shell production by juvenile and adult shelled molluscs are variable among species and even within the same species, precluding the drawing of a general picture. This is, however, not the case for pteropods, with all species tested so far, being negatively impacted by ocean acidification. The blood of shelled molluscs may exhibit lower pH with consequences for several physiological processes (e.g. respiration, excretion, etc.) and, in some cases, increased mortality in the long term. While fertilization may remain unaffected by elevated pCO 2 , embryonic and larval development will be highly sensitive with important reductions in size and decreased survival of larvae, increases in the number of abnormal larvae and an increase in the developmental time. There are big gaps in the current understanding of the biological consequences of an Communicated by S. Dupont.Frédéric Gazeau and Laura M. Parker have contributed equally to this work.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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“…Nearshore oceanic waters and estuaries are subject to increasing eutrophication (Vitousek et al 1997;Cloern 2001) and regional changes in land use (Dove and Sammut 2007), both contributing to increased acidity loading in habitats of commercially important bivalve populations. In addition, model projections for changes to saturation state in the well-buffered open ocean show significant decreases in saturation state in most regions (Gehlen et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Death by dissolution: Sediment saturation state as a mortality factor for juvenile bivalves

Green

Waldbusser

Reilly

et al. 2009

Limnology & Oceanography

182

153

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We show that death by dissolution is an important size-dependent mortality factor for juvenile bivalves. Utilizing a new experimental design, we were able to replicate saturation states in sediments after values frequently encountered by Mercenaria mercenaria in coastal deposits (V aragonite 5 0.4 and 0.6). When 0.2-mm M. mercenaria were reared in sediments at V aragonite 5 0.4 and 0.6, significant daily losses of living individuals occurred (14.0% and 14.4% d 21 , respectively), relative to supersaturated-control sediments (3.9% d 21 ). For 0.4-mm M. mercenaria, significant mortality occurred under the most undersaturated conditions (V aragonite 5 0.4, mortality 5 9.6% d 21 ), although mortality at V aragonite 5 0.6 was not significant (mortality 5 2.7% d 21 ; controlsaturated mortality 5 0.2% d 21 ). For the largest size-class investigated, 0.6 mm, we show significant mortality for clams under the most undersaturated sediments (V aragonite 5 0.4, 2.8% d 21 ). To test if buffered sediments would increase survivorship of juvenile bivalves during periods of recruitment, we manually manipulated sediment saturation state by adding crushed Mya arenaria shell to a mud flat in West Bath, Maine, U.S.A. Although we increased the average sediment saturation state within retrieved cores from V 5 0.25 6 0.01 to only 0.53 6 0.06, numbers of live M. arenaria in buffered sediment increased almost three-fold in 2 weeks. Buffering muds against the metabolic acids that cause lowered saturation states may represent a potentially important management strategy to decrease dissolution mortality.

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Impacts of Estuarine Acidification on Survival and Growth of Sydney Rock Oysters Saccostrea Glomerata (Gould 1850)

Cited by 59 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of estuarine acidification on predator–prey interactions

Effects of estuarine acidification on predator–prey interactions

Impacts of ocean acidification on marine shelled molluscs

Death by dissolution: Sediment saturation state as a mortality factor for juvenile bivalves

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