Impacts of the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project emergency operation on flooding and drainage in water-receiving areas: an empirical case in China

Abstract

Abstract. The water levels of lakes along the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (ER-SNWDP) are expected to rise significantly and subsequently affect the processes of flood control and drainage in corresponding lake basins. However, few studies have focused on the impacts of inter-basin water diversion on the flood control and drainage of water-receiving areas at the lake basin scale. Using MIKE software, this paper builds a coupled hydrodynamic model to address the existing literature gap regarding the impacts of inter-basin water diversion on the processes of flood control and drainage in a water-receiving lake basin, and it considers the many types of hydraulic structures in the model. First, a flood simulation model was constructed to simulate the complex movement of water transferred by the ER-SNWDP, by waterlogging in the lakeside area around Nansi Lake (NL), and water in NL and its tributaries. The ER-SNWDP was also considered in the model. Second, the model was calibrated and verified with measurement data, and the results showed that the model was efficient and presented a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) between 0.65 and 0.99. Third, the processes of flooding and draining in the lakeside area of NL were simulated under different water diversion and precipitation values. Finally, the impacts of the emergency operations of the ER-SNWDP on flood control and waterlogging drainage in the lakeside area of NL were analysed based on the results from the proposed model, and some implications are presented for the integrated management of inter-basin water diversion and affected lakes.

Quantifying Water Scarcity in Northern China Within the Context of Climatic and Societal Changes and South‐to‐North Water Diversion

“…In full capacity, the SNWD project will move approximately 44.8 billion m 3 of water northward each year to meet the needs of almost half a billion people by 2050 (CAB‐SNWDP, 2003). Nonetheless, the impact of the SNWD has been one of the most hotly debated topics for a long time during the planning, design, construction, and operation phases of the project (Liu, 1998; Wang et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2015). Previous studies of the SNWD project mainly focused on its impact on groundwater resources (Liang et al, 2019; Ye et al, 2014) and energy reductions (Zhao et al, 2017), its effect on phytoplankton (Chen et al, 2018; Zeng et al, 2015), and hydrological nitrogen and phosphorus pollution (Zhao et al, 2019), as well as the pricing system and water allocation schemes and policies (Du et al, 2019; Pohlner, 2016).…”

Inclusion of flood diversion canal operation in the H08 hydrological model with a case study from the Chao Phraya River basin: model development and validation

“…For instance, the effectiveness of diversion canals in decreasing floodwater levels was evaluated using the HEC-RAS hydraulic model in Indonesian river basins (Indrawati et al, 2018;Nugroho et al, 2018). In addition, Wang et al (2019) examined the impacts of interbasin water diversion on flood control and drainage processes in a waterreceiving lake basin in China using the MIKE model. Subsequently, Mel et al (2020b) identified the optimal floodgate operation rules for diverting floodwater in the Bacchiglione-Brenta river network in Italy, using the 2DEF hydrodynamic model; they also evaluated the applicability of those rules (Mel et al, 2020a).…”

A Study on Comprehensive Evaluation Methods for Coordinated Development of Water Diversion Projects Based on Advanced SWOT Analysis and Coupling Coordination Model

“…Previously, the SWOT method has been applied in studies for solving urban ecological crises [25,26], and a model of urban ecological footprint and ecological capacity was established to analyze the ecological sustainability of regional tourism environment before putting forward the strategy of sustainable development [27]. Besides, SWOT analysis, fuzzy theory, and the ANP method [28] were used to conclude that making a consumer awareness plan is the best strategy.…”