Implantation of magnetic search coils for measurement of eye position: An improved method

Judge, S. J.; Richmond, Barry J.; Chu, Fred C.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(80)90128-5

Cited by 1,480 publications

(857 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Vertical and horizontal components of eye movements were recorded by the scleral search coil method (Fuchs and Robinson 1966;Judge et al 1980). Extracellular recordings of pursuit neurons were made mostly in the fundus of the arcuate sulcus as reported previously (e.g., MacAvoy et al 1991;Tanaka and Fukushima 1998) while the monkeys were rewarded with apple juice for tracking a target spot moving sinusoidally at 0.3 or 0.5 Hz (±10°).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latency of vestibular responses of pursuit neurons in the caudal frontal eye fields to whole body rotation

et al. 2006

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latency of vestibular responses of pursuit neurons in the caudal frontal eye fields to whole body rotation

et al. 2006

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“…Two male macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were implanted with scleral search coils in both eyes 33 , head fixation posts and a recording chamber under general anesthesia. All procedures were in agreement with the Public Health Service policy on the humane care and use of laboratory animals and all protocols were approved by the Institute Animal Care and Use Committee.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysically measured task strategy for disparity discrimination is reflected in V2 neurons

Nienborg

Cumming

2007

Nat Neurosci

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In perceptual tasks, subjects attempt to rely on their most informative cues. Such strategic choices should be reflected in the types of sensory neurons used. We investigated this in a binocular disparity discrimination task. Using psychophysical reverse-correlation, also known as image classification, we identified the perceptual strategy in two macaques. Correlation between reported disparity sign and disparity noise samples on each trial yielded detection 'filters'. Filter amplitude at near disparities exceeded that at far disparities, indicating that the subjects relied more on near disparities. Recordings from both macaques' disparity-selective V2 neurons showed correlation between neuronal responses and perceptual judgment in near-preferring, not far-preferring units, mirroring the psychophysically measured strategy. After one monkey learned to weight near and far disparities equally, activity in its far-preferring neurons correlated with choice. Thus, the pattern of correlations between neuronal activity and perceptual reports reveals how subjects use their neuronal signals.

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“…injection of pentobarbital (30 mg/kg). A search coil was implanted subconjunctivally (Robinson 1963;Judge et al 1980) in the right eye. The skull was exposed, screws were put in normal to the skull, and acrylic cement was applied.…”

Section: Monkeysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

1997

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The macaque frontal eye field (FEF) is involved in the generation of saccadic eye movements and fixations. To better understand the role of the FEF, we reversibly inactivated a portion of it while a monkey made saccades and fixations in response to visual stimuli. Lidocaine was infused into a FEF and neural inactivation was monitored with a nearby microelectrode. We used two saccadic tasks. In the delay task, a target was presented and then extinguished, but the monkey was not allowed to make a saccade to its location until a cue to move was given. In the step task, the monkey was allowed to look at a target as soon as it appeared. During FEF inactivation, monkeys were severely impaired at making saccades to locations of extinguished contralateral targets in the delay task. They were similarly impaired at making saccades to locations of contralateral targets in the step task if the target was flashed for ≤100 ms, such that it was gone before the saccade was initiated. Deficits included increases in saccadic latency, increases in saccadic error, and increases in the frequency of trials in which a saccade was not made. We varied the initial fixation location and found that the impairment specifically affected contraversive saccades rather than affecting all saccades made into head-centered contralateral space. Monkeys were impaired only slightly at making saccades to contralateral targets in the step task if the target duration was 1000 ms, such that the target was present during the saccade: latency increased, but increases in saccadic error were mild and increases in the frequency of trials in which a saccade was not made were insignificant. During FEF inactivation there usually was a direct correlation between the latency and the error of saccades made in response to contralateral targets. In the delay task, FEF inactivation increased the frequency of making premature saccades to ipsilateral targets. FEF inactivation had inconsistent and mild effects on saccadic peak velocity. FEF inactivation caused impairments in the ability to fixate lights steadily in contralateral space. FEF inactivation always caused an ipsiversive deviation of the eyes in darkness. In summary, our results suggest that the FEF plays major roles in (1) generating contraversive saccades to locations of extinguished or flashed targets, (2) maintaining contralateral fixations, and (3) suppressing inappropriate ipsiversive saccades.

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Implantation of magnetic search coils for measurement of eye position: An improved method

Cited by 1,480 publications

References 4 publications

Latency of vestibular responses of pursuit neurons in the caudal frontal eye fields to whole body rotation

Latency of vestibular responses of pursuit neurons in the caudal frontal eye fields to whole body rotation

Psychophysically measured task strategy for disparity discrimination is reflected in V2 neurons

Reversible inactivation of macaque frontal eye field

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