Implementation of modular MPPT algorithm for energy harvesting embedded and IoT applications

Abstract

The establishment of the latest IoT systems available today such as smart cities, smart buildings, and smart homes and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are let the main design restriction on the inadequate supply of battery power. Hence proposing a solar-based photovoltaic (PV) system which is designed DC-DC buck-boost converter with an improved modular maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The output voltage depends on the inductor, capacitor values, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) switching frequency, and duty cycle. This paper focuses on the design and simulation of min ripple current/voltage and improved efficiency at PV array output, to store DC power. The stored DC power will be used for smart IoT systems. From the simulation results, the current ripples are observed to be minimized from 0.062 A to 0.02 A maintaining the duty cycle at 61.09 for switching frequencies ranges from 300 kHz to 10 MHz at the input voltage 48 V and the output voltage in buck mode 24 V, boost mode 100 V by maintaining constant 99.7 efficiencies. The improvised approach is compared to various existed techniques. It is noticed that the results are more useful for the self-powered Embedded & Internet of Things systems.

Modernisation of DC-DC converter topologies for solar energy harvesting applications: A review

“…One of the interesting and potentially fruitful solutions to meet the ever-increasing energy demands of the globe is to collect energy from the sun. The total system for collecting solar energy is made up of a variety of different devices and components, including as PV arrays, MPPT controllers, DC-DC converters, batteries, loads (both AC and DC), and inverters [9], [11], [12], [16], [17], [58], [119], [120]. The comprehensive schematic block of the solar energy collecting system is shown in Figure 1.…”

“…Each converter requires a power switching device to turn on and off as needed. In addition, load matching and increased power output from the PV systems should be possible with the usage of DC-DC converters in conjunction with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) [16], [22]- [43].…”

High gain multiphase boost converter based-on capacitor clamping structure

“…Due to its sustainable and endless source supply nature, renewable energy sources (photovoltaic, fuel cells, and uninterruptible power supply (UPS)) are developed continuously and swiftly replenished, and it is employed in remote places. The output voltage of these energy sources is still much lower than a direct current (DC) system requirement [1]- [3]. On the other side The large input current ripple, on the other hand, shortens the lifetime of photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cells [3]- [5].…”

“…The output voltage of these energy sources is still much lower than a direct current (DC) system requirement [1]- [3]. On the other side The large input current ripple, on the other hand, shortens the lifetime of photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cells [3]- [5]. High current ripple and unregulated low voltage are two major drawbacks of adopting renewable energy sources.…”

A regulatory power split strategy for energy management with battery and ultracapacitor

“…Numerous power control strategies are available in the literature [26]- [28] for hybrid energy structures. Controllers also rely on the internet of things [29], [30] for the data flow in PV based systems or AI as in [31] for multi agent systems utilising not only solar and wind but also SC, battery and generator, and utilising piezo electric energy harvesting [32]. HESS control strategies can also address the power quality issues [33] in the system.…”