Improved adsorption performance of rubber-based hydrogel: optimisation through response surface methodology, isotherm, and kinetic studies

Binary Mixtures of Colloidal Cellulose Nanocrystals and Laponite for Preparation of Functional Nanocomposites

“…Here, t is the time of adsorption (h) and k 1 is the rate constant (min –1 ) of PFO kinetics. Also, PSO kinetics is given by the following equation where k 2 is the rate constant (mmol –1 g min) of PSO kinetics. − The rate constant and R 2 values obtained from the linear fit of the curve using the PSO equation are shown in Table S1 in the Supporting Information. As the PSO kinetic model follows a better fit with the experimental data, the adsorption data can be well-represented by this model suggesting the mechanism of adsorption to be chemisorption involved between the adsorbate and the adsorbent.…”

“…where k 2 is the rate constant (mmol -1 gminute) of PSO kinetics [68][69][70] . The rate constant and R 2 values obtained from the linear fit of the curve using PSO equation is shown in Table S1 in supporting information.…”

Adsorptive potential of ZnO/SiO2 nanorods prepared via the sol–gel method for the removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from petroleum refinery wastewater

“…The adsorption between metal ions and nanocomposites was studied using the Langmuir, D‐R, Freundlich and Temkin models. The Freundlich model considers heterogeneous adsorption, whereas the Langmuir model considers monolayer adsorption with constant adsorption energy 40 . According to the Temkin isotherm model, as the adsorbed layer's coverage increases, the heat of adsorption decreases.…”

“…The removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from the refinery wastewater was studied at different temperatures (30,40,50,60, 70 and 80 °C) regulated by a thermostat attached to a shaker. A known volume of the refinery wastewater (50 cm 3 ) was measured into separate conical flasks.…”

“…The Freundlich model considers heterogeneous adsorption, whereas the Langmuir model considers monolayer adsorption with constant adsorption energy. 40 According to the Temkin isotherm model, as the adsorbed layer's coverage increases, the heat of adsorption decreases. The D-R isotherm is an isotherm that can be applied to both homogeneous and heterogeneous surfaces to characterize adsorption.…”