Improved fuel efficiency by lubricant design: A review

Taylor, R. I.; Coy, R. C.

doi:10.1177/135065010021400101

Cited by 72 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Reducing these frictional losses is a key factor in reducing fuel consumption and protecting the environment. In addition, the internal combustion engine contributes to environmental pollution through particulate, NOx, HC and to the greenhouse effect via CO 2 emissions Coy, 2000 andTung andMcMillan, 2004). Improving fuel efficiency of IC engines, while still enabling them to meet environmental requirements, presents both design and material challenges.…”

Section: Surface Texturing Technology and Internal Combustion (Ic) Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimised textured surfaces with application in piston ring/cylinder liner contact

Rahmani

Shirvani

2010

Tribology and Dynamics of Engine and Powertrain

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This item was submitted to Loughborough's Institutional Repository (https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/) by the author and is made available under the following Creative Commons Licence conditions.For the full text of this licence, please go to: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ In: Tribology and Dynamics of Engine and Powertrain: Fundamentals, Applications and Future Trends, Edited by H. Rahnejat, Woodhead Publishing, 2010, pp. 470-517, ISBN: 978-1-84569-993-2 Chapter 14 Optimised Textured Surfaces with Application in Piston-Ring/Cylinder Liner Contact R. RAHMANI, Loughborough University, UK A. SHIRVANI and H. SHIRVANI, Anglia Ruskin University, UK Abstract: The application of textured surfaces in tribology has recently gained a huge momentum. In this chapter, a systematic approach to investigate the maximum outcomes from employing such surfaces is introduced with an insight into their application in internal combustion engines. A combination of various affecting parameters on the tribological performance of such surfaces is studied and the optimum results were introduced. The effect of employing such optimised textures in enhancing the lubrication condition in piston ring/cylinder liner contact is also studied.Key words: surface texturing, piston ring/cylinder liner contact, optimisation, slider bearings IntroductionIn general, friction is inherent to and is produced between bodies in contact with relative motion. Friction tends to oppose this relative motion between the bodies through loss of energy mostly in the form of heat, mechanical vibration and noise. Therefore, in most cases, friction is an unfavourable phenomenon. In some cases introduction of friction is desired, for example in order to slow down a moving car, the brakes are used to reduce the existing kinetic energy in the wheels by means of producing frictional losses. However, in most of the cases, facilitating this relative motion between bodies is of concern and as a result, one needs to overcome friction so that the relative motion pursues with a minimal loss of energy.Excessive friction can cause damage to the surfaces in contact in several ways and as a result make them wear. Since the surfaces are damaged due to wear, the rate of energy dissipation due to friction increases and consequently amplifies the rate of wear itself (see Chapter 2).The reason for the existence of friction is mainly that in reality, there is no perfect smooth surface. In fact, surfaces have a degree of roughness in the form of small 'hills' and 'valleys' no matter how well they are prepared. When two surfaces, which are in contact with each other, are put into relative motion, the asperities on the In: Tribology and Dynamics of Engine and Powertrain: Fundamentals, Applications and Future Trends, Edited by H. Rahnejat, Woodhead Publishing, 2010, pp. 470-517, ISBN: 978-1-84569-993-2 opposing surfaces become locked hence inducing friction as initially proposed by Amontons for onset of motion and later under kinetic conditions by Coulomb (see Chapter 2). W...

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Section: Surface Texturing Technology and Internal Combustion (Ic) Enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimised textured surfaces with application in piston ring/cylinder liner contact

Rahmani

Shirvani

2010

Tribology and Dynamics of Engine and Powertrain

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“…The relative power losses varied with engine speed, with greater impact of hydrodynamic lubrication regime at higher engine rpm. These studies are outlined in a review article written by Taylor and Coy [10]. This review article also noted that the engine design and driving cycle will also have an impact on the ability of the lubricant to reduce fuel consumption.…”

Section: Friction Losses In the Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Delivering Optimal Fuel Economy and Wear Protection Through Lubricant Design

Clarke¹,

Goldmints²,

Manes³

et al. 2014

Anais Do XXII Simpósio Internacional De Engenharia Automotiva

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The global focus on fuel economy is driven by high fuel prices and the desire to reduce pollution from automotive emissions. This is reflected in continued worldwide legislated decreases in fleet average fuel consumption per mile as well as in greenhouse gas emissions per driven mile. In Brazil, the Inovar-Auto program requires automakers to improve their corporate average vehicle efficiency for new light duty vehicles (LDV) by about 12% from 2012 levels by October 2017 to qualify for significant tax breaks. The target was based on Europe's 2015 target for new LDVs of 130 g CO 2 /km, and adapted to Brazil based on regional differences. These ever-tightening requirements pose a significant challenge for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and lubricant formulators. The engine lubricant plays a significant role in reduction of frictional losses and thus fuel consumption, as well as in engine protection from wear. Various additive components in the lubricant are designed for friction reduction in different lubrication regimes thus minimizing the overall friction and resulting in optimal fuel economy. In this paper we demonstrate the fuel economy that lubricant additives as well as lubricant viscosity and viscometric profile can provide while maintaining excellent engine protection.

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“…Mechanical losses comprise approximately 15% of the energy lost from the fuel, 40-60% of which is thought to be due to the action of the piston assembly (Nakada 1993;Taylor and Coy 2000). Thus reduction in the amount of energy wasted from the fuel as a result of mechanical losses can make substantial reductions in fuel consumption.…”

Section: Engine Friction and Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Fuel and Lubricant Effects on Gasoline Engine Friction

Smith

Priest

Taylor

et al. 2005

World Tribology Congress III, Volume 2

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Reducing engine friction remains an important goal of the automotive industry. Reduced engine friction has been partly achieved by using low viscosity, friction modified lubricants, reducing the energy required to shear the fluid in the hydrodynamic lubrication regime (which is the primary lubrication mode in the piston assembly). It has long been understood that the piston ring / cylinder liner interface is responsible for a significant proportion of engine friction and can significantly influence the fuel consumption of an engine. This paper describes research conducted to develop understanding of both the interfacial relationship of the compression ring and cylinder liner and the synergistic relationship of fuel and lubricant at the top ring zone of a single cylinder gasoline engine. A portfolio of engine testing, laboratory work and computer simulation has been conducted.

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Improved fuel efficiency by lubricant design: A review

Cited by 72 publications

References 28 publications

Optimised textured surfaces with application in piston ring/cylinder liner contact

Optimised textured surfaces with application in piston ring/cylinder liner contact

Delivering Optimal Fuel Economy and Wear Protection Through Lubricant Design

In-Cylinder Fuel and Lubricant Effects on Gasoline Engine Friction

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