Improvement of energy efficiency by dynamic load consolidation in C‐RAN

Aktar, Mst. Rubina; Anower, Md. Shamim

doi:10.1002/dac.5087

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This work measures the energy efficiency in bits/joule and with respect to both the channel correlation coefficient and the threshold [85]. In [86], a dynamic load consolidation algorithm is proposed which saves 21% power for the BB processing. This translates into a saving of 1% of the overall mobile network energy consumption.…”

Section: Llsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Greener 5G and Beyond Radio Access Networks—A Survey

Larsen

Christiansen

Ruepp

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Mobile network traffic is increasing and so is the energy consumption. The Radio Access Network (RAN) part is responsible for the largest share of the mobile network energy consumption, and thus; an important consideration when expanding mobile networks to meet traffic demands. This work analyses how the energy consumption of future mobile networks can be minimised by using the right RAN architecture, share the network with other operators and implementing the most efficient energy minimising technologies in the RAN. It is explored how the different approaches can be realised in real life networks as well as the research state of the art is highlighted. Furthermore, this work provides an overview of future research directions for 6G energy saving potentials. Different energy saving contributions are evaluated by a common methodology for more realistic comparison, based on the potential energy saving of the overall mobile network consumption. Results show that implementing selected technologies and architectures, the mobile network overall energy consumption can be reduced by approximately 30%, corresponding to almost half of the RAN energy consumption. Following this, a set of guidelines towards an energy optimised mobile network is provided, proposing changes to be made initially and in the longer run for brownfield network operators as well as a target network for greenfield network operators.

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Section: Llsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Greener 5G and Beyond Radio Access Networks—A Survey

Larsen

Christiansen

Ruepp

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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“…Both articles presented C-RAN as an emerging 5G network concept emphasizing Ultra Dense Network deployment and Multi-Radio Access Technologies capable of optimizing CAPEX and OPEX for the mobile network operator. In [31][32][33][34], the authors presented an overview of the role of energy harvesting technologies in 5G networks. Energy harvesting is presented as an alternative energy source to extend the life span of devices and networks.…”

Section: Review Of Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enhancing the access network's energy efficiency will become crucial as the RRH, the BBUs, and the MBS will deploy different techniques to adapt and optimize the power consumed. Grid/DG and EH methods could power these nodes [32], [33].…”

Section: C-ran and Energy Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of 5G C-RAN Resource Allocation

Chenke,

Nche,

Djomadji

et al. 2023

ICST Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications

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The Fifth Generation (5G) Network will bring different types of services, namely: EMBB, mMTC and URLLC and as more devices connect to the network, each user device request for data capacity will continue to grow. The increase in the number of devices and capacity request for each device will require an increase in network capacity, which will also need an increase in the number of Base Stations in the network. More Base Stations will increase the the Mobile Network Operator’s capital investment and operation costs. However, this increase in CAPEX and OPEX will not provide a corresponding increase in ARPU as users tend to be less willing to pay more as their capacity request increases. Mobile vendors and Mobile Network Operators will face the challenge of providing higher capacity for the same or less ARPU for their customers to maintain their customer base and maintain the business profitability. C-RAN was identified as a new and promising paradigm to help Mobile Network Operators reduce their CAPEX and OPEX while delivering higher capacity to their customers and maintaining business profitability. How C-RAN resources are allocated and managed within the 5G network will determine how efficient and profitable this optimisation process will be. In this article, we provide a high-level review of the crucial enabling 5G Technologies and an exhaustive review of C-RAN resource allocation algorithms for 5G networks with emphasis on resource allocation metrics/parameters. The main resource allocation metrics considered in this work include BBU computational/processing resource, capacity, Power/ energy consumption, wavelength, UE-RRH mapping and RRH-BBU mapping. Furthermore, Energy Harvesting in 5G C-RAN is discussed, including its architecture, categorised taxonomy and requirements. Lastly, future research directions and open research issues for efficient C-RAN resource allocation are highlighted.

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“…Power consumption of the 5G network is expected to soar due to active network elements like energy-hungry baseband units, remote radio heads, small cells, and core networks [7]. The surge in wireless network energy consumption is putting tremendous strain on power grid supplies, as well as rising CO2, which has been identified as a severe danger to environmental protection and long-term development [8]. In a traditional radio access network, the Base Station (BS) unit consumes around half of the energy, with the remainder being consumed by other radio unit components such as amplification, processing, and cooling [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Efficient Hybrid Powered Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) for 5G

et al. 2023

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Owing to the ever increasing energy consumption, energy efficiency (EE) is an important parameter for next generation 5G network. The Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is a viable solution for tackling 5G network problems in an energy-efficient manner. Integrating renewable energy with C-RAN can be a powerful tool for reducing operating costs and carbon dioxide emission. But, the regional unpredictability and intermittency nature of renewable energy can result in energy outages and worsening the service quality. As a consequence, the most reliable way is to combine commercial grid supplies with renewable energy. In this paper, we proposed a network model for the downlink C-RAN with hybrid power supplies. The goal of the proposed hybrid supply with solar and grid energy collaboration is to optimize the use of renewable solar energy by reducing grid Power Consumption (PC) and, most significantly, enhancing energy efficiency and preserving service quality. A comprehensive analysis is performed to evaluate EE performance of the proposed C-RAN under a variety of network settings. The numerical results affirm the proposed C-RAN models establishing a significant improvement in network EE compared to the conventional one.INDEX TERMS Energy efficiency, hybrid supplies, renewable energy, C-RAN, 5G.

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Improvement of energy efficiency by dynamic load consolidation in C‐RAN

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Toward Greener 5G and Beyond Radio Access Networks—A Survey

Toward Greener 5G and Beyond Radio Access Networks—A Survey

Review of 5G C-RAN Resource Allocation

Energy-Efficient Hybrid Powered Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) for 5G

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