Improving cell distribution on 3D additive manufactured scaffolds through engineered seeding media density and viscosity

Abstract

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Evaluation of 3D Printed Gelatin‐Based Scaffolds with Varying Pore Size for MSC‐Based Adipose Tissue Engineering

“…Figure 3c depicts the relative distribution of areas of adipogenic differentiation (pixel intensity of lipid droplet positive areas) within the scaffolds, which followed very similar distribution trends to the one observed for cell nuclei, highlighting greater infiltration of cells and homogenous distribution of lipid droplets in the 3D constructs. One potentially straightforward way to improve cell distribution in large scale constructs with small pores could be to use bioreactor systems with continuous fluid flow or altering the viscosity of seeding solutions 20…”

The Role of Scaffolds in Tendon Tissue Engineering

“…Tissue engineering exploits the production of ex vivo functioning artificial tissues, such as bio-responsible scaffolds. These can then be implanted at the site of injury, to enable the in situ restoration and improve the function of de novo tissue (Figure 4) modify the chemical backbone of the biomaterial or the physicochemical properties of the surface to influence cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation in vivo [21]. Ideally, scaffolds should be able to withstand physiological loads and to integrate with the adjacent host tissues following in vivo implantation, without disrupting the biological repair [8].…”

“…Beyond their safety, scaffolds should provide appropriate structural support, and in certain cases, biomechanical cues, to promote the safe and effective reconstruction of a functional tissue in vivo [9,10,20]. A way to promote scaffold integration is to modify the chemical backbone of the biomaterial or the physicochemical properties of the surface to influence cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation in vivo [21]. Ideally, scaffolds should be able to withstand physiological loads and to integrate with the adjacent host tissues following in vivo implantation, without disrupting the biological repair [8].…”

A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

“…The plasma-treated island was used to attach hMSCs stained green selectively, shown here for an Ar-only plasma-patterned scaffold (C, Seeding 1). A second cell seeding using a viscous culture media (28) was then used to attach hMSCs stained red on the rest of the scaffold (C, Seeding 2), demonstrating an approach to pattern two cell populations (overlay) using the plasma treatment.…”