Impurity removal with highly selective and efficient methods and the recycling of transition metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

Peng, Fangwei; Mu, Deying; Li, Ruhong; Liu, Yuanlong; Ji, Ying; Dai, Changsong; Ding, Fei

doi:10.1039/c9ra02331c

Cited by 59 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…S (cm 2 ) is the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte, and L (cm) is the lithium-ion diffusion length. Equation (1) can be further simplified into Equation (2) if E vs.

shows a straight-line behavior during the titration step, as seen in Figure 7 c [ 33 , 34 ].

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S (cm 2 ) is the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte, and L (cm) is the lithium-ion diffusion length. Equation (1) can be further simplified into Equation ( 2) if E vs. √ τ shows a straight-line behavior during the titration step, as seen in Figure 7c [33,34]. + values of NMCFA ranging from 6.0 × 10 −13 to 13.0 × 10 −12 cm 2 s −1 are comparatively higher than those of NMC in the entire voltage range.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Residual Trace Amounts of Fe and Al in Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 Cathode Active Material for the Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the explosive growth of the electric vehicle market leads to an increase in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the disposal of LIBs has also made headlines. In this study, we synthesized the cathode active materials Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 (NMC) and Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3Fe0.0005Al0.0005]O2 (NMCFA) via hydroxide co-precipitation and calcination processes, which simulate the resynthesis of NMC in leachate containing trace amounts of iron and aluminum from spent LIBs. The effects of iron and aluminum on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties were investigated and compared with NMC. Trace amounts of iron and aluminum do not affect the morphology, the formation of O3-type layered structures, or the redox peak. On the other hand, the rate capability of NMCFA shows high discharge capacities at 7 C (110 mAh g−1) and 10 C (74 mAh g−1), comparable to the values for NMC at 5 C (111 mAh g−1) and 7 C (79 mAh g−1), respectively, due to the widened interslab thickness of NMCFA which facilitates the movement of lithium ions in a 2D channel. Therefore, iron and aluminum, which are usually considered as impurities in the recycling of LIBs, could be used as doping elements for enhancing the electrochemical performance of resynthesized cathode active materials.

show abstract

“…S (cm 2 ) is the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte, and L (cm) is the lithium-ion diffusion length. Equation (1) can be further simplified into Equation (2) if E vs.

shows a straight-line behavior during the titration step, as seen in Figure 7 c [ 33 , 34 ].

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Residual Trace Amounts of Fe and Al in Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 Cathode Active Material for the Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As seen in Figure 9 c, under the assumption that E vs.

shows a straight-line behavior during the titration step, Equation (1) can be simplified into Equation (2) [ 34 , 35 ],

where m is the mass (g), V is the molar volume (cm 3 mol −1 ), and M is the molecular weight (g mol −1 ) of cathode active materials. S is the contact area (cm 2 ) between electrodes and electrolytes, and L is the Li-ion diffusion length (cm).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing the Intrinsic Thermal Instability of Swedenborgite Structured YBaCo4O7+δ as an Opportunity for Material Engineering in Lithium-Ion Batteries by Er and Ga Co-Doping Processes

Park

Shin

et al. 2021

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We firstly introduce Er and Ga co-doped swedenborgite-structured YBaCo4O7+δ (YBC) as a cathode-active material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), aiming at converting the phase instability of YBC at high temperatures into a strategic way of enhancing the structural stability of layered cathode-active materials. Our recent publication reported that Y0.8Er0.2BaCo3.2Ga0.8O7+δ (YEBCG) showed excellent phase stability compared to YBC in a fuel cell operating condition. By contrast, the feasibility of the LiCoO2 (LCO) phase, which is derived from swedenborgite-structured YBC-based materials, as a LIB cathode-active material is investigated and the effects of co-doping with the Er and Ga ions on the structural and electrochemical properties of Li-intercalated YBC are systemically studied. The intrinsic swedenborgite structure of YBC-based materials with tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+/Co3+ are partially transformed into octahedrally coordinated Co3+, resulting in the formation of an LCO layered structure with a space group of R-3m that can work as a Li-ion migration path. Li-intercalated YEBCG (Li[YEBCG]) shows effective suppression of structural phase transition during cycling, leading to the enhancement of LIB performance in Coulombic efficiency, capacity retention, and rate capability. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are performed to elucidate the enhanced phase stability of Li[YEBCG].

show abstract

“…[2]. The transition from fossil fuels and growing energy demand together with lithium's high energy density, low atomic weight, good electrochemical performance, a broad range of operating temperature and low rates of self-discharge have contributed to the continuous expansion of the LiBs market [1,3]. The growing battery demand creates opportunities but as well concerns related to the product's lifetime as significant amounts of solid LiBs waste are being generated yearly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Achieved Purities after Li-ion Batteries Hydrometallurgical Treatment and Impurities Effects on the Cathode Performance

Nasser

Petraniková

2021

Batteries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper is a product purity study of recycled Li-ion batteries with a focus on hydrometallurgical recycling processes. Firstly, a brief description of the current recycling status was presented based on the research data. Moreover, this work presented the influence of impurities such as Cu, Fe and Mg on recovered cathode materials performance. The impact of the impurities was described depending on their form (metallic or ionic) and concentration. This work also reviewed hydrometallurgical recycling processes depending on the recovered material, obtained purity and recovery methods. This purity data were obtained from both research and battery industry actors. Finally, the purity study was completed by collecting data regarding commercial battery-grade chemical compounds and active lithium cathode materials, including required purity levels and allowed impurity limitations.

show abstract

Impurity removal with highly selective and efficient methods and the recycling of transition metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

Abstract: A strategy for metal purification and recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries is demonstrated by taking advantage of precipitation, electrodeposition and solvent extraction.

Cited by 59 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of Residual Trace Amounts of Fe and Al in Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 Cathode Active Material for the Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Effect of Residual Trace Amounts of Fe and Al in Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 Cathode Active Material for the Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Utilizing the Intrinsic Thermal Instability of Swedenborgite Structured YBaCo4O7+δ as an Opportunity for Material Engineering in Lithium-Ion Batteries by Er and Ga Co-Doping Processes

Review of Achieved Purities after Li-ion Batteries Hydrometallurgical Treatment and Impurities Effects on the Cathode Performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About