In-line deposition of organic light-emitting devices for large area applications

May, Christian; Tomita, Yuto; Toerker, M.; Eritt, Michael; Loeffler, Frank; Amelung, J.; Leo, Karl

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2007.06.014

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…1͒ have undergone a very fast development [2][3][4][5] with the best devices now reaching nearly 100% internal quantum efficiency corresponding to an external quantum efficiency of around 20%. However, OLEDs in full color displays 11,12 or white lighting sources 13 require emission over the full spectrum of colors. 8-10͒ was found very early in green light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of charge balance and exciton distribution on efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices

Meerheim¹,

Scholz²,

Olthof³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

224

142

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We discuss the importance of appropriate charge carrier confinement and exciton management for the realization of highly efficient and stable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). As an example, we choose red p-i-n-type OLEDs based on the iridium-based electrophosphorescent emitter Ir(MDQ)2(acac) doped in α-NPD as host material. We show how an appropriate choice of the hole blocking layer material allows external quantum efficiencies as high as 20% for this emitter. At the same time, the display-relevant brightness of 100 cd/m2 is reached at an operation voltage of only 2.4 V, which is close to the thermodynamic limit. As a result, a high total power efficiency of 37.5 lm/W at 100 cd/m2 is reached. In a further step, we study the influence of the blocker materials on device lifetime. We investigate the chemical reactions causing the degradation process by use of matrix assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry. It can be shown that discovered degradation reactions can be suppressed by an appropriate choice of the hole blocking material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of charge balance and exciton distribution on efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices

Meerheim¹,

Scholz²,

Olthof³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

224

142

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show abstract

“…Further experiments were performed utilizing the LILi layer stack and performed on an inline Gen2 production tool at IMPS in Dresden. This tool was designed for mass production of large area organic devices on glass substrates and was developed by Applied Materials (formerly Applied Films) in 2002 [1]. This tool consists of 11 high vacuum chambers with base pressure < 10 -6 mbar and two glove boxes on both ends for substrate load/unload operations.…”

Section: Figure 7: Hplc Chromatogram Of Blue Host Materials Before (Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

68.2: Lowering Cost for OLED Lighting Manufacturing

Landgraf

Hoffmann

Campo

et al. 2012

Symp Digest of Tech Papers

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Manufacturing of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED) forlighting is still some distance from the industry recognized cost target of 100 € /m². Within the government funded Light In-Line (LILi) project, a team of material supplier, machine manufacturers and basic researchers have investigated potential ways to reduce OLED manufacturing costs. The concept developed within the LILi-project shows that a competitive cost structure can now be reached.

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“…[8,9] In-line type deposition machines have been using in many semiconductor and display mass-production lines due to their high throughput. The implementation of the vertical design has two main advantages: one is less particle contamination and the other is that for large area glass and masks, the problems of bending are avoided.…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Al Top Cathode Deposition on OLED Using DC Magnetron Sputtering

Gil

May

Lakner

et al. 2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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We fabricated OLEDs having the evapd. Yb cathode and the sputtered Al cathode. Magnetron sputtering is a versatile deposition method, but the energetic particles during sputtering process can damage the underlying org. layers. We applied various process parameters to explain the role of Ar neutrals quoting the former researches. OLEDs showed almost comparable degrdn. under the discharge voltage of 300 V, but serious degrdns. were found at the discharge voltage of over 300 V and the low process pressure. The degrdns. influenced on the lifetime of OLED, and the measured luminance decay was much larger than the OLED having the evapd. Yb cathode due to the high leakage currents. [on SciFinder(R)

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In-line deposition of organic light-emitting devices for large area applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of charge balance and exciton distribution on efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices

Influence of charge balance and exciton distribution on efficiency and lifetime of phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices

68.2: Lowering Cost for OLED Lighting Manufacturing

Al Top Cathode Deposition on OLED Using DC Magnetron Sputtering

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