In-line jet mixing of liquid–pulp–fibre suspensions: Effect of concentration and velocities

Yenjaichon, Wisarn; Grace, John R.; Lim, C. Jim; Bennington, C. P. J.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2012.03.012

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The equipment in this study was described in detail by Yenjaichon et al A test section, 76.2 mm diameter and 1.88 m long, featuring eight 16‐electrode sensor planes at 0.25 m intervals, was installed 5 m downstream of a pipe bend in a pilot‐scale flow loop facility to provide fully developed flow before entering the test section. For each sensor plane, 16 circular stainless steel electrodes of diameter 6.35 mm were spaced uniformly around the vessel periphery.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified mixing index ( M′) derived by Yenjaichon et al is used to quantify the mixing quality. It is determined from the individual conductivity values from each image pixel (316 in each cross‐sectional plane).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of experimental studies have been conducted to investigate the mixing of Newtonian fluids after tee mixers, mainly to determine the optimum relationship between jet‐to‐pipe velocity ratio and diameter ratio for different working fluids and mixing criteria. Details are provided in a previous article . However, for non‐Newtonian pulp suspensions few studies have been conducted to study in‐line jet mixing behavior and the data are very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixing quality was found to improve significantly with increasing shear, and ERT results were similar to those from temperature profiling. Yenjaichon et al investigated the mixing quality of liquid tracer injected into a softwood pulp suspension flow for various fiber mass concentrations ( C m = 0–3.0%), mainstream mean velocities ( U p = 0.5–5.0 m/s) and side‐stream velocities ( U j = 1.0–12.7 m/s). A modified mixing index was used to quantify the mixing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In‐line jet mixing of liquid‐pulp‐fiber suspensions: Effect of fiber properties, flow regime, and jet penetration

et al. 2012

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Mixing effectiveness was determined experimentally for side jet injection into pipe flow for water and pulp suspensions for a range of fiber mass concentrations (0-3.0%), mainstream velocities (0.5-5.0 m/s), and side-stream velocities (1.0-12.7 m/s). The mixing quality was measured in cross-sectional planes along the pipe using electrical resistance tomography and quantified by a modified mixing index, derived from the coefficient of variation of conductivity. Mixing depended strongly on the flow regime and jet penetration. For turbulent flow, the criteria for in-line jet mixing in water are applicable to the mixing in suspensions, with small differences likely due to differences in fiber network strength and influences of fiber-turbulence interactions in modifying turbulent structures in the bulk. When a suspension flows as a plug, however, the mixing differs greatly from that in water, depending on the fiber network strength in the core of the pipe.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In‐line jet mixing of liquid‐pulp‐fiber suspensions: Effect of fiber properties, flow regime, and jet penetration

et al. 2012

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“…When mixing materials are opaque, the process cannot be monitored directly via eye visualization. EIT is, therefore, proposed as a suitable technique that can offer real-time mixing examination as well as flow distribution monitoring [16][17][18][19][20]. EIT techniques have been implemented in many companies, such as GlaxoSmithKline (GSK, UK) [21], Johnson Matthey (UK) [22,23] and Unilever (UK) [17].…”

Section: (Ii) Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super-sensing technology: industrial applications and future challenges of electrical tomography

Wei

Qiu

Primrose

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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One contribution of 10 to a theme issue 'Super-sensing through industrial process tomography' . Electrical tomography is a relatively new imaging technique that can image the distribution of the passive electrical properties of an object. Since electrical tomography technology was proposed in the 1980s, the technique has evolved rapidly because of its low cost, easy scale-up and non-invasive features. The technique itself can be sensitive to all passive electrical properties, such as conductivity, permittivity and permeability. Hence, it has a huge potential to be applied in many applications. Owing to its illposed nature and low image resolution, electrical tomography attracts more attention in industrial fields than biomedical fields. In the past decades, there have been many research developments and industrial implementations of electrical tomography; nevertheless, the awareness of this technology in industrial sectors is still one of the biggest limitations for technology implementation. In this paper, the authors have summarized several representative applications that use electrical tomography. Some of the current tomography research activities will also be discussed.This article is part of the themed issue 'Supersensing through industrial process tomography'.

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Using transient energy release measurements for the in‐line characterization ofnon‐Newtonianfluids and fluid state in pipe flow

Hefft

Alberini

2023

Can J Chem Eng

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Alberini et al. have developed a new technology based on a passive acoustic emission (AE) sensing system that uses only a single sensor, with the goal of providing live and in‐situ measurement of rheology. For this study, three different types of fluids were selected to represent common rheological behaviours: Newtonian behaviour, non‐Newtonian behaviour with power law, and non‐Newtonian behaviour with Herschel–Bulkley relationship. By analyzing the transient energy released during the interaction between the probe and the fluid, distinct acoustic fingerprints were identified in the frequency domain. These acoustic fingerprints were found to be characteristic of the different fluids and their rheology, and were validated in triplicate. Furthermore, the results showed that the intensity of the acoustic emissions increased with higher flow rates (30 to 50 L/min). To test the correlation between flow rate and acoustic response, a neural network regression test was conducted, which demonstrated a direct correlation between AE peaks and flow rate. The neural network used was nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX), and the test involved a stepwise regression with 70% training and 30% network validation. The study also introduced the Rheology‐AE quotient, which maps fluid constituents against the acoustic signal. Results showed that this was a reliable means of deriving live rheology from a fluid's frequency domain. Finally, the results obtained from this study were validated using an offline rotational rheometer.

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In-line jet mixing of liquid–pulp–fibre suspensions: Effect of concentration and velocities

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

In‐line jet mixing of liquid‐pulp‐fiber suspensions: Effect of fiber properties, flow regime, and jet penetration

In‐line jet mixing of liquid‐pulp‐fiber suspensions: Effect of fiber properties, flow regime, and jet penetration

Super-sensing technology: industrial applications and future challenges of electrical tomography

Using transient energy release measurements for the in‐line characterization ofnon‐Newtonianfluids and fluid state in pipe flow

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