In vitro antimicrobial activity of mouth washes and herbal products against dental biofilm-forming bacteria

Abstract

Aim:To evaluate in vitro, the antimicrobial effect of Cymbopogon citrates (lemon grass), Plectranthusamboinicus (Mexican mint) and Conyzabonariensis (hairy fleabane) tinctures as well as pure and diluted commercial mouth washes (Malvatricin®, Periogard® and Listerine®) on wild isolates of Streptococcusmutans and reference strains of S. mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis and Lactobacillus casei by determination of minimum inhibitory dilution (MID).Materials and Methods:0.12% chlorhexidine and 70% corn alcohol were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Saliva samples were collected from 3 volunteers and seeded in MSB broth to obtain Streptococcus isolates after 72-hour incubation. Using the agar diffusion method, susceptibility tests were performed with overnight incubation in microaerophilia at 37°C. All tests were performed in duplicate.Results:The bacterial species were resistant to the tinctures and Listerine®, but were susceptible to 0.12% chlorhexidine, Malvatricin® and Periogard®, with MIDs ranging from 12.5% to 1.56%.Conclusions:Plectrantusamboinicus, Conyzabonariensis and Cymbopongoncitratus tinctures and Listerine® did not show inhibitory action against the tested biofilm-forming bacteria.

Anti-Biofilm and Hemolytic Effects of Cymbopogon citratus (Dc) Stapf Essential Oil

“…However, the effect on yeasts observed in this study can be considered moderate [25], since MIC was 125 µg / mL, being between 100 and 500 µg / mL, whereas the antibacterial effect was weak, with MIC of 1mg / mL. A previous study using dye formulation with C. citratus found no antibacterial effect [26].…”

Effects of Xylitol and Sucrose Mint Products on Streptococcus mutans Colonization in a Dental Simulator Model

“…Antimicrobial effects of PO are commonly examined by agar disc/well diffusion assay and by measuring the zone of inhibition. Two such studies did not report the antimicrobial activity of PO and Mexican mint on S. mutans ATCC 25175 [ 7 , 9 ]. Conversely, another study found that high concentrations (1000–8000 ppm) of PO had antimicrobial activity and that 17-h S. mutans batch biofilm that formed on the walls of polystyrene tubes was inhibited by PO [ 31 ].…”

Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide combined to different vehicles

“…The malvatricin, in this study, had better result against E. faecalis, C. albicans and S. aureus compared to chlorhexidine, saline, anesthesic and propolis. Others researches have demonstrated effectiveness of the mouthwash against S.mutans, S. salivarius, S.oralis and L. casei [11,25]. The malvatricin is presented as promising substance to be evaluated as a vehicle in association with calcium hydroxide in the endodontic treatment, however there are no studies about the use of malvatricin in endodontics.…”