In vitro biocompatibility and bacterial adhesion of physico-chemically modified Ti6Al4V surface by means of UV irradiation

Covalent immobilization of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) onto biomaterial surfaces

“…Non-fouling surfaces combine one or more approaches in order to influence the amount and/or conformation of adsorbed proteins, preventing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Some examples are UV radiation of titanium surfaces to augment wettability [27], use of anti-adherent agents bearing negative charges [28], polymer coatings such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) [18,29], poly(methacrylic acid) [30], polyurethanes [31] or even bioactive polymers such as chitosan, which possess the ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion and/or to kill adherent bacteria [32]. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of non-fouling coatings for reducing bacterial adhesion is limited and varies greatly depending on bacterial species.…”

“…Furthermore, the proper orientation of the peptide may result in enhanced activity [34]. Towards this goal, the effect of AMP chemical immobilization on antimicrobial activity has been studied by several investigators [3,4,6,[25][26][27]29,48,49,71] (Table 1). In the current review, different AMP surface covalent immobilization strategies are discussed, focusing on the importance of solid supports and chemical coupling strategies, spacer specificities (type, length and flexibility), surface density and exposure/orientation as determinants of immobilized peptide biocidal and cytotoxic activity.…”

Antimicrobial dental implant functionalization strategies —A systematic review

“…Petrini et al (2006) found a transitory increase in hydrophilicity and significantly increased Zn binding capacity, which in turn led to a significant reduction in three oral streptococcal strains on TiO 2 surfaces illuminated with UV light 114) . In an in vitro study under static and dynamic conditions, UVA illumination prior to bacterial colonization induced a reduction in adhesion rates and a significant decrease in the adhesion strength of S. epidermidis and S. aureus, without altering biocompatibility 132) . In a multispecies study authors found a positive effect on the attachment and biofilm formation of complex oral microbial communities to UV treated titanium 167) .…”

Ultraviolet irradiation enhanced bioactivity and biological response of mesenchymal stem cells on micro-arc oxidized titanium surfaces

“…Although the underlying mechanism remained to be fully elucidated, hydrophilicity was purportedly one of the crucial factors. UV irradiation has been proved to improve the hydrophilicity of titanium surfaces [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Thus, it might also be a relatively convenient way to improve the bioactivity of titanium surfaces.…”

“…It has been reported that Ca-and P-containing surfaces enhanced both cell response in vitro 5) and osseointegration in vivo 6) . Recently, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been reported to improve the hydrophilicity of various modified titanium surfaces [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] , to the effect of improving the bioactivity 7,8,10) and cell response [11][12][13][14] of implants both in vitro and in vivo 9,15) . However, the mechanisms that underlie both hydrophilicity and biological response changes were still not fully understood and need further investigation.…”