In vitro embryo rescue culture of F1 progenies from crosses between diploid and tetraploid grape varieties

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to understand factors affecting in vitro embryo rescue culture from hybrids between diploid and tetraploid varieties of grape in creation new triploid germplasm resources. The effects of different media, removal ages of immature seeds and reciprocal crosses of parents on the germination and seedling survival of immature seeds from crosses between diploid and tetraploid grape varieties by in vitro embryo rescue culture were investigated. The results indicated that the medium consisting of NN-1969 + IAA 1.75 mg l -1 + GA 3 0.35 mg l -1 + CH 400 mg l -1 + AC 2.0 g l -1 was better than other media. The optimal removal age of immature seeds for the best development of embryos was 35-45 days after pollination (DAP). The percentage of germination (PG) for immature seeds and the percentage of seedling survival (PSS) for immature seeds for diploid varieties used as female parents were 10.72% and 4.35% higher than when tetraploid varieties were used as female parents respectively. A total of 41 hybrid progenies from eight combinations were obtained, made up of 17 diploid, 9 tetraploid, 14 aneuploid, and 1 triploid progeny as determined by root-tip chromosome identification. The triploid progeny was from Fujiminori (2n = 4x = 76) · Jingxiu (2n = 2x = 38). These results implied that it was feasible to extend the hybridization range of grape and to create new germplasm resources by in vitro embryo rescue based on the conventional hybridization. The NN-1969 medium supplemented with GA 3 and IAA was more propitious to the development of immature seeds sampled at about 45 DAP. It was easier to obtain plants using diploid as female parent, but triploid progeny was only obtained using tetraploid as female parent.

Immature Embryo Rescue and <i>in Vitro</i> Development Evaluation of Intraspecific Hybrids from Brazilian Seedless Grapevine “Superior × Thompson” Clones

“…Also [11], by using the technique of rescue of immature embryos as a tool for the gene introgression in varieties of vine, obtained satisfactory results, had achieved 26.7% of rescued embryos in the "Emerald Seedless" variety, with a percentage of developed seedlings in about 19.6% after 60 days of cultivation. On the other hand, the results obtained by [12] when realizing the study about embryo in crosses of diploid and tetraploid vine varieties, had determined to be between 35 -45 days the best period to remove the embryos of the seed-traits. In the present study, it was observed that the 60 days period after seeds inoculation resulted in an increased number of embryos produced, as well as in better characterized developmental stages with higher germination values.…”

Interspecific incompatibility in wide hybridization of plants and ways to overcome

“…Для преодоления эмбриональной несовмести-мости применим метод «спасения зародышей» (embryo rescue techniques), предусматривающий их своевременное вычленение и культивирование in vitro. Сроки и способы вычленения гибридных зародышей, состав питательных сред и условия культивирования зависят от таксономиче-ской принадлежности скрещиваемых видов (Kruse, 1974;Pershina et al, 1998;Yang et al, 2007). Впервые этот метод был использован для культивирования гибридных заро-дышей льна (Laibach, 1925) и применяется для получения гибридов F 1 многих культур, в том числе злаковых (Kruse, 1974;Pershina et al, 1998;Moreno et al, 2014), овощных (Geerts et al, 2011), цитрусовых (Aleza et al, 2012), вино-града (Li et al, 2014a) …”

Embryo Rescue

“…These two factors may be far more important than culture conditions or culture media. Finally, the ploidy of both seed and pollen parent, can have an effect on the outcome of interspecific hybridizations [23,21].…”