In vitro evaluation of the protoscolicidal effect of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil on protoscolices of hydatid cyst compared with hypertonic saline, povidone iodine and silver nitrate

Moazeni, Mohammad; Hosseini, S V; Al-Qanbar, Maytham Hameed; Alavi, Amir Mootabi; Khazraei, Hajar

doi:10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2019.01.002

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that NO-dependent cytotoxic effects induced by activated macrophages can eliminate and control intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania parasites ( Mahmoudvand et al, 2016 ; Ashrafi et al, 2019 ; Adams, 2004b ; Moazeni et al, 2014 ; Moazeni et al, 2019 ). In addition, in vivo studies have revealed that NO-inducing agents and agents that increase NO production are very promising for the treatment of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in animals ( Moazeni et al, 2019 ; Niazi et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, antileishmanial, and cytotoxic effects Ferula macrecolea essential oil against Leishmania tropica

Mahmoudvand¹,

Yadegari²,

Khalaf³

et al. 2022

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, antileishmanial, and cytotoxic effects Ferula macrecolea essential oil against Leishmania tropica

Mahmoudvand¹,

Yadegari²,

Khalaf³

et al. 2022

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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“…Protoscoleces were observed each day in triplicate with an optical microscope (BX51; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). We determined the viability percentages by calculating the percentage of dead and live protoscoleces among 300 protoscoleces by means of an eosin exclusion experiment [ 26 ]. Live protoscoleces do not absorb eosin stain; however, in dead protoscoleces, eosin enters the cell, and the protoscoleces become red.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

et al. 2021

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Background Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a fatal zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. However, current chemotherapy treatment options are based on benzimidazoles [albendazole (ABZ) and mebendazole], which have limited efficacy. Therefore, novel drugs are necessary for the treatment of this disease. Methods The anthelmintic effects of crocin were tested on E. multilocularis metacestodes, germinal cells and protoscoleces in vitro. Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) and Reuber rat hepatoma (RH) cells were used to assess cytotoxicity. The in vivo efficacy of crocin was investigated in mice following secondary infection with E. multilocularis. Furthermore, collagen deposition and degradation in host tissues around the metacestodes were evaluated. Results In vitro, crocin had a median effective concentration of 11.36 μM against cultured E. multilocularis metacestodes, while it reduced germinal cell viability at a median inhibitory concentration of 10.05 μM. Crocin was less toxic to HFFs and RH mammalian cell lines than to metacestodes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that crocin treatment resulted in structural damage in the germinal layer. In addition, 60.33 ± 3.06% of protoscoleces were killed by treatment with 10 μM crocin for 7 days, indicating that crocin has a parasiticidal effect. In vivo, the metacestode weight was significantly reduced after the administration of crocin at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg (55.1 and 68.1%, respectively). Metacestode pathology showed structural disruption of the germinal and laminated layers after crocin treatment. The crocin- and ABZ-treated groups presented significant increases in the levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4. Furthermore, crocin inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (MMP2 and MMP9) and promoted collagen deposition in the metacestode. Conclusions Crocin was demonstrated to exert parasiticidal activity against E. multilocularis in vitro and in vivo, and can be developed as a novel drug for the treatment of AE. Graphical abstract

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“…granulosus PCs, showing a potent scolicidal effect (100%) at very low concentrations and after a short period (1 μl/ml after 30 min). Remarkably, Eug proved a higher efficacy compared to several essential oils previously investigated against hydatid cyst PCs, such as Rosmarinus officinalis with an effective dose of 1 mg/ml after 8 days of incubation, Thymus vulgaris (1 mg/ml) after 7 days [ 41 ], Trachyspermum ammi [ 59 ], Nigella sativa [ 60 ], and Satureja khuzistanica essential oils [ 61 ] (10 mg/ml) after 10 min, and Myrtus communis (100 μl/ml) [ 62 ], Pistacia vera [ 8 ], and Curcuma longa essential oils (200 μl/ml) [ 63 ] after 5 min, and 0.5% of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil after 3 min [ 64 ]. In addition, Eug proved high scolicidal efficacy in very small doses than that was observed with Zataria multiflora essential oil emulsion against hydatid PC [ 65 ] and the germinative cells [ 66 ] (20 μl/ml for 10 min and 8 mg/ml for 7 min, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the scolicidal activities of eugenol essential oil and its nanoemulsion against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts

et al. 2021

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Background Cystic echinococcosis caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus remains a serious helminthic zoonosis affecting humans and animals in many endemic developing countries. Surgical intervention is the best management choice, although it is associated with high recurrence rates and serious complications. Also, the commonly used chemotherapeutics exhibited serious side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the protoscolicidal effects of eugenol (Eug) essential oil and its nanoemulsion (Eug-NE) against protoscoleces (PCs) of hydatid cysts in vitro. Methods Eug-NE was prepared and characterized. Their cytotoxicity on macrophages was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. E. granulosus PCs were treated with various concentrations of Eug and Eug-NE at different exposure times. The viability of protoscoleces was evaluated by the eosin exclusion test, and the changes in the morphology of protoscoleces were assessed. Albendazole (ABZ) was used as a positive control. Results The cellular cytotoxicity of Eug and Eug-NE on macrophage cells, in minimum and maximum concentrations (0.2 and 1 μl/mL), were nearly negligible ranging from 4.7% to 8.3% and 3.7% to 7.2%, respectively. The results showed highly significant activity of Eug-NE and Eug against hydatid PCs compared to ABZ (P < 0.05). Eug and Eug-NE have similar protoscolicidal effects at all used concentrations. Their highest scolicidal activity (100% mortality rate) was recorded at 1 μl/ml after 30 min incubation (LC50 = 0.298—LC90 = 0.521 and LC50 = 0.309—LC90 = 0.646, respectively). Both formulations showed time- and dose-dependent effects. Conclusions This study suggested the potent scolicidal activities of Eug and Eug-NE as promising alternative scolicidal agents. Future studies are recommended to explore the mechanism of action and treatment response in vivo and clinical settings.

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In vitro evaluation of the protoscolicidal effect of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil on protoscolices of hydatid cyst compared with hypertonic saline, povidone iodine and silver nitrate

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Chemical composition, antileishmanial, and cytotoxic effects Ferula macrecolea essential oil against Leishmania tropica

Chemical composition, antileishmanial, and cytotoxic effects Ferula macrecolea essential oil against Leishmania tropica

In vivo and in vitro efficacy of crocin against Echinococcus multilocularis

Evaluation of the scolicidal activities of eugenol essential oil and its nanoemulsion against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts

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