In Vitro Fungicidal Activity of Calcium and Potassium Salts on Several Commercially Significant Plant Pathogens

Kaiser, C.; Hamm, Philip B.; Gieck, S. L.; David, N. L.; Long, L. E.; Meland, Mekjell; Christensen, J. Mark

doi:10.21273/hortsci.46.6.913

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…; Kaiser et al. ). However, there are no published reports examining the use of salts in the management of I. liriodendri , the causal agent of root rot in kiwifruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Evaluation of Inhibitory Effect of Organic and Inorganic Salts Against Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit

Türkkan

2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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This study evaluated efficacy of 42 organic and inorganic salts as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the control of Ilyonectria root rot of kiwifruit. Preliminary in vitro tests showed that ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium benzoate, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite at 2% completely inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus. No significant differences were observed among these salts and disodium EDTA (P ≤ 0.05). However, the ED50, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values indicated that sodium metabisulphite was more toxic to Ilyonectria liriodendri than these other six salts. Soil bioassays showed that sodium metabisulphite, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate at 0.25% completely inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus, whereas potassium benzoate reduced the mycelial growth of fungus by 90.30%; however, the differences in inhibitory effects were statistically insignificant (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference between 0.1% sodium metabisulphite and 0.5% ammonium carbonate, 0.75% ammonium bicarbonate and 1.5–2.0% disodium EDTA (P ≤ 0.05). Unlike disodium EDTA, complete inhibitory was observed with ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate at higher concentrations. However, in root bioassays, applications of 2% ammonium bicarbonate, 1.5% ammonium carbonate and 2% disodium EDTA were phytotoxic to kiwifruit seedlings, but 0.25% four other salts were neither phytotoxic to kiwifruit seedlings nor did it adversely affect root length, root fresh weight and root dry weight of seedling. This study also showed I. liriodendri to be capable of growth in both acidic and basic environments. However, while the fungus showed uninhibited growth at pH values of 5–11, growth decreased significantly at both higher and lower pH values (P ≤ 0.05) and was completely inhibited at pH 12.

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“…; Kaiser et al. ). However, there are no published reports examining the use of salts in the management of I. liriodendri , the causal agent of root rot in kiwifruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Different salts have been shown to suppress root rot caused by various soilborne fungal pathogens (Campanella et al 2002;Mecteau et al 2002;Mills et al 2004;Arslan et al 2009;Kaiser et al 2011). However, there are no published reports examining the use of salts in the management of I. liriodendri, the causal agent of root rot in kiwifruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Inhibitory Effect of Organic and Inorganic Salts Against Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit

Türkkan

2014

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Products like Treatment 5 are naturally highly alkaline when dissolved in water, raising the possibility that their efficacy is tied merely to the change in pH. Previous research has refuted this, suggesting that while high pH can inhibit fungal growth, it is additive to the effect of the potassium salts [ 30 , 31 ]. This is reflected in our results, which showed efficacy for Treatment 5 at each pH tested but with higher efficacy at alkaline pH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Detached Industrial Hemp Leaf Inoculation Assays to Screen for Varietal Susceptibility and Product Efficacy on Botrytis cinerea

Kirkby,

Roser,

Plett

2023

Plants

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In greenhouse production, grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. is one of the most widespread and damaging diseases affecting medicinal cannabis (MC). Fungicide options to control this disease are extremely limited due to the regulations surrounding fungicides and chemical residues as the product end users are medical patients, often with compromised immune systems. Screening for alternative disease control options, such as biological and organic products, can be time-consuming and costly. Here, we optimise and validate a detached leaf assay as a quick and non-destructive method to evaluate interactions between plants and pathogens, allowing the assessment of potential pathogens’ infectivity and product efficacy. We tested eight industrial hemp varieties for susceptibility to B. cinerea infection. Using detached leaves from a susceptible variety, we screened a variety of chemical or organic products for efficacy in controlling the lesion development caused by B. cinerea. A consistent reduction in lesion growth was observed using treatments containing Tau-fluvalinate and Myclobutanil, as well as the softer chemical alternatives containing potassium salts. The performance of treatments was pH-dependent, emphasizing the importance of applying them at optimal pH levels to maximise their effectiveness. The detached leaf assay differentiated varietal susceptibility and was an effective method for screening treatment options for diseases caused by Botrytis. The results from the detached leaf assays gave comparable results to responses tested on whole plants.

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“…Calcium salt treatments are widely used to eliminate oomycetes that cause root / fruit rot in many important crops including citrus, soybeans, potatoes, onions, and apples, and have low environmental impact (Kaiser et al 2011, Türkkan 2013. The inhibitory effects of calcium salts on oomycete pathogens include reduced germ tube growth, reduced mycelial growth in vitro, and reduced severity of infection of pretreated host tissues (Biggs et al 1997, Campanella et al 2002.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inhibitory effects of calcium salts on oomycete pathogens include reduced germ tube growth, reduced mycelial growth in vitro, and reduced severity of infection of pretreated host tissues (Biggs et al 1997, Campanella et al 2002. While the types of calcium salts applied to different crops vary greatly, calcium propionate is one of the most effective calcium salts against oomycete pathogens on a wide variety of terrestrial crops (Kaiser et al 2011). Calcium propionate has been used for decades as a food additive to inhibit mold in bakery products (Furia 1973).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of oomycete pathogens during Pyropia farming and processing using calcium propionate

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Shim³

et al. 2023

Algae

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The oomycete pathogens Pythium porphyrae, causing red rot disease, and Olpidiopsis spp. causing Olpidiopsis-blight, cause serious economic losses to Pyropia sea farms in Korea. During the washing step for Pyropia processing, these pathogens proliferate rapidly, significantly reducing the quality of the final product. To develop non-acidic treatments for these pathogens, various calcium salts were tested against the infectivity of P. porphyrae and Olpidiopsis pyropiae on Pyropia gametophytes, and calcium propionate was the most effective. When Pyropia blades were immersed in 10 mM calcium propionate for 1 h after inoculation with the oomycete pathogen, infection rate of both oomycete pathogens on day 2 was significantly lower (7.1%) than control (>95%). Brief incubation of Pyropia blades in calcium propionate also reduced the spread of infection. The infected area of Pyropia thallus was reduced to 14.3% of the control in 2 days after treatment with 100 mM calcium propionate for 30 s. In field experiments conducted in actual aquaculture farms, it has been shown that a brief 30 s wash every two weeks with 100 mM calcium propionate can effectively reduce the spread of oomycetes throughout the entire culture period. The above results suggest that calcium propionate can be a useful means for controlling the spread of oomycetes not only during laver processing but also during aquaculture.

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In Vitro Fungicidal Activity of Calcium and Potassium Salts on Several Commercially Significant Plant Pathogens

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Evaluation of Inhibitory Effect of Organic and Inorganic Salts Against Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit

Evaluation of Inhibitory Effect of Organic and Inorganic Salts Against Ilyonectria liriodendri, The Causal Agent of Root Rot Disease of Kiwifruit

Using Detached Industrial Hemp Leaf Inoculation Assays to Screen for Varietal Susceptibility and Product Efficacy on Botrytis cinerea

Control of oomycete pathogens during Pyropia farming and processing using calcium propionate

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