“…For example, using a 3-dimensional (3D) in vitro maturation (IVM) culture system, it has been demonstrated that combining the follicular subtypes ( e.g . granulosa and oocytes, with or without theca cells) creates an ‘artificial’ ovarian environment which supports human oocyte maturation (Krotz et al, 2010). Similar approaches have been reported using cells and tissues from mice, rats, non-human primates and humans (Xu et al, 2006; Laronda et al, 2014; Hornick et al, 2012; Xu et al, 2009; Luyckx et al 2013, 2014; Díaz-García and Herraiz, 2014, Liu et al, 2013, 2014; Kniazeva et al, 2015), albeit with the goal of follicle maturation rather than endocrine function.…”