In vitro rearing of Anagrus breviphragma (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Cicadella viridis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), from second instar larva to adult on diets without insect components

Abstract

Abstract. We describe here the in vitro rearing of Anagrus breviphragma Soyka, an egg parasitoid of Cicadella viridis (Linnaeus), from the second instar larva to the adult stage. Three media, containing mainly either a commercial tissue culture medium (IPL-41), skimmed milk or veal homogenate, were tested. Larval development occurred on all the diets but few larvae reached the pupal stage on the diets containing skimmed milk or veal homogenate. On the tissue culture medium, pharate adults, albeit malformed, developed. Supplementing the tissue culture medium-based diet with chicken egg yolk alone, or combined with yeast extract, further improved parasitoid development. The addition of both egg yolk and yeast extract resulted in twelve out of twenty larvae reaching the adult stage, of which only four females emerged.

Anagrus breviphragmaSoyka Short Distance Search Stimuli

“…This is very important especially in view of artificial breeding of the parasitoid for research or large number production and commercialization for biological control. In the past, we achieved promising results on in vitro rearing of A. breviphragma on diets devoid of insect components [ 20 , 24 ]. The possibility to obtain oviposition through the Parafilm surface treated with chemicals that induce search behaviour and probing should consistently increase the realistic opportunity to rear parasitoids on artificial media.…”

“…Five days later (at second larval instar [ 20 ]) parasitised eggs were isolated on wet tissue paper discs in Petri dishes.…”

Teknik perbanyakan massal parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae (Pang et Wang) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) dengan kotak plastik

“…Chandra & Dick (1988) juga berhasil mengembangkan Anagrus flaveolus Waterhouse dengan kurungan terbuat dari tabung plastik transparan (panjang 160 mm dan diameter 24 mm), bagian ujung atas ditutup, dengan dua atau tiga lubang aerasi disamping kurungan. Chiappini et al (2004) mengembangkan perbanyakan massal parasitoid Anagrus breviphragma secara in vitro tanpa komponen serangga.…”

Tachinid parasitoids: are they to be considered as koinobionts?

“…Conversely, idiobionts are a priori more suitable for in vitro rearing due to less complex host-parasitoid interactions and broad nutritional requirements. Rearing from egg to fecund adult in vitro even on insect material-free artificial media has been reported for a number of idiobiontic hymenopterans, in particular egg or pupal parasitoids (Thompson 1999;Dindo et al 2001;Chiappini et al 2004).…”