In vitro susceptibility of <i>Microsporum</i> spp. and mammalian cells to <i>Eugenia caryophyllus</i> essential oil, eugenol and semisynthetic derivatives

Pinto, Sandra Milena Leal; Sandoval, Laura Viviana Herrera; Vargas, Leonor Y.

doi:10.1111/myc.12844

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The differential activity of tested EOs against biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin may be related to the chemical composition of these EOs. Several studies [44][45][46] show that the major compound of cinnamon bark oil is cinnamaldehyde (52-80%), the main constituent in clove oil is eugenol with concentration ranges from 68 to 88% [21,47,48], for rosemary oil, 1,8-cineole (26.5-27.2%) and α-pinene (19.2-20%) are predominant [21,49], while jasmine oil has 57.3% of 2-phenylthiolane [50]. The EO antifungal activity can often be attributed to the major constituent [44], or from synergistic effects between two or more EO components [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study revealed that cinnamon and clove oils showed significantly higher efficacy than miconazole against vulvo-vaginal C. albicans isolates [60]. Additionally, clove oil had a promising in vitro activity against the dermatophyte Microsporum spp and showed low toxicity to mammalian cell lines [48]. However, further clinical trials are required to establish EOs-safety, efficacy and the most suitable drug delivery system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Back to Nature: Combating Candida albicans Biofilm, Phospholipase and Hemolysin Using Plant Essential Oils

et al. 2021

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Candida albicans is the causative agent of fatal systemic candidiasis. Due to limitations of antifungals, new drugs are needed. The anti-virulence effect of plant essential oils (EOs) was evaluated against clinical C. albicans isolates including cinnamon, clove, jasmine and rosemary oils. Biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin were assessed phenotypically. EOs were evaluated for their anti-virulence activity using phenotypic methods as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Among the C. albicans isolates, biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysins were detected in 40.4, 86.5 and 78.8% of isolates, respectively. Jasmine oil showed the highest anti-biofilm activity followed by cinnamon, clove and rosemary oils. SEM and AFM analysis showed reduced adherence and roughness in the presence of EOs. For phospholipase, rosemary oil was the most inhibitory, followed by jasmine, cinnamon and clove oils, and for hemolysins, cinnamon had the highest inhibition followed by jasmine, rosemary and clove oils. A molecular docking study revealed major EO constituents as promising inhibitors of the Als3 adhesive protein, with the highest binding for eugenol, followed by 1,8-cineole, 2-phenylthiolane and cinnamaldehyde. In conclusion, EOs have a promising inhibitory impact on Candida biofilm, phospholipase and hemolysin production, hence EOs could be used as potential antifungals that impact virulence factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to Nature: Combating Candida albicans Biofilm, Phospholipase and Hemolysin Using Plant Essential Oils

et al. 2021

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“…and dermatophytes [31,32]. The report of Pinto et al [33] showed that CO had MICs and MFCs against M. canis and M. gypseum (standard strains) in the range of 0.00625-0.05% w/v. Aiemsaard et al [34] reported MIC and MFC of CO against M. canis and T. mentagrophytes were 0.00002% v/v and 0.00004% v/v, and the MIC and MFC against M. gypseum were 0.00004% v/v.…”

Section: Antifungal Agent Mic Mfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biological activities of clove essential oil formulations against Microsporum gallinae ATCC 90749

Aiemsaard¹,

Kamollerd²,

Butudom³

et al. 2020

ScienceAsia

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Avian dermatophytosis is a disease caused by Microsporum gallinae. The disease can cause economic loss in farmed chickens. We investigated the antifungal activity of clove essential oil (CO) against M. gallinae ATCC 90749. The main components of CO were identified by GC-MS, eugenol (98.87%) and trans-caryophyllene (1.13%) were found. The antioxidant activity of CO was determined by DPPH assay, the antioxidation index (AI) ranged from 86.55 ± 0.77 to 92.37 ± 0.25%, which was significantly higher than vitamin E and BHT (p < 0.05). The antifungal activity was determined by broth microdilution method and time-kill kinetics assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of CO against M. gallinae were 0.005 and 0.01% v/v, respectively. Time-kill assay showed that the antifungal activity of CO was dose and time-dependent. The time taken to reduce the number of viable M. gallinae by more than 99.99% was 15 min and 3 h for 2 and 1% v/v CO, respectively. Ointments and cream formulations containing CO were tested for antifungal activity using time-kill kinetics assay. Both the 2 and 4% w/w formulations of the CO ointments and creams reduced the number of viable M. gallinae by more than 99.999% within 15 min. The results of this study show that CO has the potential to be developed as a drug for treating fungal skin diseases in poultry. Further studies on the stability and efficacy of these CO formulations in vivo are needed.

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Essential Oil Components Incorporated Emulsion Hydrogels for Eradicating Dermatophytosis Caused by Pathogenic Fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis

Preman,

Amin,

Sanjeeva

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Dermatophytosis is a prevalent fungal infection and public health burden, majorly caused by the attack of zoophilic fungi genera of Trichophyton and Microsporum. Among them, T. mentagrophytes and M. canis are the dominating pathogens that cause dermatophytosis in humans. Though anti‐fungal treatments are available, the widespread drug resistance and minimal efficacy of conventional therapies cause recurring infections. In addition, prolonged anti‐fungal medications induce several systemic side effects, including hepatotoxicity and leucopenia. The anti‐dermatophytic formulation of biocompatible essential oil components (EOCs) is attractive due to their highly potent anti‐dermatophytic action. Herein, two EOCs, Eugenol (EU) and Isoeugenol (IU), incorporated emulsion hydrogel (EOCs‐EHG) synthesized from hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate. The cytocompatibility of the hydrogels is confirmed by treating them with fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines. The EOCs‐EHG demonstrated pH and temperature‐responsive sustained release of entrapped EOCs and inhibited fungal spore germination. T. mentagrophytes and M. canis biofilms are eradicated at a minimal inhibitory concentration of 2 µg mL−1 each of EU and IU. The in vivo anti‐dermatophytic activity of EOCs‐EHG is confirmed in dermatophyte‐infected Wistar albino rat models. The topical application of EOCs‐EHG demonstrated complete infection eradication and facilitated skin regeneration, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of EOCs‐EHG against dermatophytosis.

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In vitro susceptibility of Microsporum spp. and mammalian cells to Eugenia caryophyllus essential oil, eugenol and semisynthetic derivatives

Abstract: Our study indicates an interesting bioactivity of isoeugenol and methylisoeugenol against M. canis, M. gypseum and mammalian cells.

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Back to Nature: Combating Candida albicans Biofilm, Phospholipase and Hemolysin Using Plant Essential Oils

Back to Nature: Combating Candida albicans Biofilm, Phospholipase and Hemolysin Using Plant Essential Oils

In vitro biological activities of clove essential oil formulations against Microsporum gallinae ATCC 90749

Essential Oil Components Incorporated Emulsion Hydrogels for Eradicating Dermatophytosis Caused by Pathogenic Fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis

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