Abstract:Highlights • Extraction and isolation of calystegines from leaves, flowers and seeds of Hyoscyamus albus growing in Bejaia (Algeria). • Chromatographic analysis led to the identification of several calystegines in all samples with a new one calystegine B 4 never related in the plant. • Antioxidant tests showed a greater efficiency of seeds extract. • In-vivo anti-inflammatory investigation demonstrated potent potential of all extracts with pic of activity achieved 2 h after injection of carrageenan.
“…Identification made from retention times and fragmentation patterns (Fig. 1) specific to each compound has demonstrated the presence of all the B group calystegines (B1, B2, and B4) with predominance of calystegine B4; in addition, three calystegines from the A group (A3, A5, and A5 glycoside) as well as calystegine N1 were also evidenced in the extract [24]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…217 m / z : calystegines B; 229 m / z : calystegine B2; 156 m / z : calystegines A; 390 m / z : calystegine N1; 375 m / z : calystegine C1; 189 m / z : calystegine B1; 71 m / z : octadecane; 1: calystegine A5; 2: calystégine A3; 3: calystegineA5 Gly. ; 4: calystegine B4; 5: calystegine B1; 6: calystegine N1; 7: calystegine B2 [24]…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Total calystegines extract was characterized by means of a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis according to the procedure described by Bourebaba et al [24]. A trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) derivatization step was conducted prior to chromatographic analysis, and a GCMS-QP2010 plus system (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a DB-5 ms column (30 m × 0.25 mm I.D.…”
Objectives
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) refers to a cluster of associated abnormalities and metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and adiposity. The numerous biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including self-renewal and multipotency, have been the subject of many in-depth studies, for the management of EMS; however, it has been shown that this cell type may be affected by the condition, impairing thus seriously their therapeutic potential. Therefore, an attempt to rescue EMS adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with calystegines (polyhydroxylated alkaloids) that are endowed with strong antioxidant and antidiabetic abilities was performed.
Methods
ASCs isolated from EMS horses were subsequently treated with various concentrations of total calystegines. Different parameters were then assessed using flow cytometry, confocal as well as SE microscopy, and RT-qPCR.
Results
Our results clearly demonstrated that calystegines could improve EqASC viability and proliferation and significantly reduce apoptosis, via improvement of mitochondrial potentiation and functionality, regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways, and suppression of ER stress. Furthermore, nortropanes positively upregulated
GLUT4
and
IRS
transcripts, indicating a possible sensitizing or mimetic effect to insulin. Most interesting finding in this investigation lies in the modulatory effect of autophagy, a process that allows the maintenance of cellular homeostasis; calystegines acted as pharmacological chaperones to promote cell survival.
Conclusion
Obtained data open new perspectives in the development of new drugs, which may improve the metabolic dynamics of cells challenged by MS.
“…Identification made from retention times and fragmentation patterns (Fig. 1) specific to each compound has demonstrated the presence of all the B group calystegines (B1, B2, and B4) with predominance of calystegine B4; in addition, three calystegines from the A group (A3, A5, and A5 glycoside) as well as calystegine N1 were also evidenced in the extract [24]. Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…217 m / z : calystegines B; 229 m / z : calystegine B2; 156 m / z : calystegines A; 390 m / z : calystegine N1; 375 m / z : calystegine C1; 189 m / z : calystegine B1; 71 m / z : octadecane; 1: calystegine A5; 2: calystégine A3; 3: calystegineA5 Gly. ; 4: calystegine B4; 5: calystegine B1; 6: calystegine N1; 7: calystegine B2 [24]…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Total calystegines extract was characterized by means of a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis according to the procedure described by Bourebaba et al [24]. A trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) derivatization step was conducted prior to chromatographic analysis, and a GCMS-QP2010 plus system (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with a DB-5 ms column (30 m × 0.25 mm I.D.…”
Objectives
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) refers to a cluster of associated abnormalities and metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and adiposity. The numerous biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including self-renewal and multipotency, have been the subject of many in-depth studies, for the management of EMS; however, it has been shown that this cell type may be affected by the condition, impairing thus seriously their therapeutic potential. Therefore, an attempt to rescue EMS adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) with calystegines (polyhydroxylated alkaloids) that are endowed with strong antioxidant and antidiabetic abilities was performed.
Methods
ASCs isolated from EMS horses were subsequently treated with various concentrations of total calystegines. Different parameters were then assessed using flow cytometry, confocal as well as SE microscopy, and RT-qPCR.
Results
Our results clearly demonstrated that calystegines could improve EqASC viability and proliferation and significantly reduce apoptosis, via improvement of mitochondrial potentiation and functionality, regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways, and suppression of ER stress. Furthermore, nortropanes positively upregulated
GLUT4
and
IRS
transcripts, indicating a possible sensitizing or mimetic effect to insulin. Most interesting finding in this investigation lies in the modulatory effect of autophagy, a process that allows the maintenance of cellular homeostasis; calystegines acted as pharmacological chaperones to promote cell survival.
Conclusion
Obtained data open new perspectives in the development of new drugs, which may improve the metabolic dynamics of cells challenged by MS.
“…Nas análises cromatográficas foi utilizada a metodologia empregada por Bourebaba et al (2016) modificada. 14 As amostras derivatizadas foram analisadas em um cromatógrafo CG/EM (GCMS-QP2010 Plus Shimadzu), equipado com uma coluna DB-5MS (30 m x 0,25 mm x 0,25 µm), empregando He como gás de arraste e velocidade linear de 37 cm seg -1 . O volume injetado foi 1 µL no modo divisão de fluxo (razão 1:20) com temperatura do injetor de 250 °C e programação de temperatura iniciando com 100 o C durante 5 min, seguida por uma taxa de aquecimento de 10 o C min -1 até 270 °C, temperatura que foi mantida por 5 min.…”
Section: Cromatografia Em Fase Gasosa Acoplada à Espectrometria De Maunclassified
“…Além do fator toxicológico relacionado à ingestão de calisteginas, por serem inibidores de glicosidases, 14 destaca-se seu potencial como agente hipoglicemiante. Vegetais que contenham esses alcaloides devem ser investigados como possíveis componentes de uma dieta que evite aumento acentuado de glicose no sangue após uma refeição rica em carboidratos.…”
Section: Figura 5 Fragmentação De Calisteginas Derivatizadas Eletrounclassified
Calystegines are nortropane alkaloids with three to five hydroxyl groups. These alkaloids are recognized as glycosidase inhibitors and thus may have therapeutic potential to be exploited. There are also reports of its possible toxic effects when they are present in foods. Commercial cultivars of human consumption in Brazil have been analyzed for calystegines content. Samples of Solanum tuberosum L. (potato), Ipomoea batatas L. (sweet potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Solanum melongena (eggplant) and Solanum aethiopicum L. (gilo) were obtained from local markets in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Qualitative analyzes were performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC/FID) was used in quantitative analysis. Five calystegines (A 3 , B 1 , B 2 , B 4 and C 1) were detected in the whole sample set and the amounts of three of them were determined: A 3 (1.94-15.88 mg kg-1); B 2 (7.59-23.7 mg kg-1) and B 4 (3.61-9.38 mg kg-1). This is the first report on the occurrence of these alkaloids in Solanum aethiopicum L.
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