Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus Using Common Detergents and Chemicals

Abstract

Six disinfectant chemicals were tested individually for effectiveness against low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) A/H7N2/Chick/MinhMa/04. The tested agents included acetic acid (C2H4O2), citric acid (C6H8O7), calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a powdered laundry detergent with peroxygen (bleach), and a commercially available iodine/acid disinfectant. Four of the six chemicals, including acetic acid (5%), citric acid (1% and 3%), calcium hypochlorite (750 ppm), and sodium hypochlorite (750 ppm) effectively inactivated LPAIV on hard and nonporous surfaces. The conventional laundry detergent was tested at multiple concentrations and found to be suitable for inactivating LPAIV on hard and nonporous surfaces at 6 g/L. Only citric acid and commercially available iodine/acid disinfectant were found to be effective at inactivating LPAIV on both porous and nonporous surfaces.

Evaluation of calcium hydrogen carbonate mesoscopic crystals as a disinfectant for influenza A viruses

“…The best way to combat these infections is to enhance biosecurity. Wild migratory birds and various AIV subtypes without antigenic stability are problematic for poultry immunization [2, 5, 17]. Enhancing biosecurity at farms is important to control infectious diseases.…”

“…The virus samples mixed with 9 times the volume of distilled water were used as positive controls. A previously described numerical method was used to express the ability of the agent to inactivate viruses [5]. The virucidal index (VI) of virus inactivation is calculated by NI= tpc – ta , where tpc is the titer converted to an index of log10 of the positive control, and ta is the converted titer of the recovered virus from the disinfectant-treated sample.…”

Antiviral Efficacy of Citra-kill®, Disinfectant Solution Against Avian Influenza Virus

“…Kassaify et al (2007) reported that the treatment with quaternary ammonium compounds at the concentration of 10 mg/ ml showed no efficacy against AIV on HW and OM condition . Lombardi et al (2008) reported that citric acid at the concentration of 1% effectively inactivated AIV on hard and nonporous surfaces 17) . In the present study, the disinfectant efficacy of Citra-Kill ® against AIV showed higher than the individual quaternary ammonium chloride tested by Kassaify et al 15) .…”

Airborne Infectious Agents and Other Pollutants in Automobiles for Domestic Use: Potential Health Impacts and Approaches to Risk Mitigation

“…Influenza viruses possess a lipid-containing envelope making them relatively fragile, unstable in the environment, and also susceptible to the action of even mild detergents [42]. In spite of the long history of influenza and the well-known ability of influenza viruses to cause frequent epidemics and pandemics, the precise means of spread of these viruses in nature as well as the relative importance of various types of vehicles in their transmission still remain unclear [43].…”