Incidence and predictors of nevirapine and efavirenz-associated rash among Indonesian HIV patients

King, Klim; Dohlman, Henrik G.; Thorner, Jeremy; Caron, Marc G.; Lefkowitz, Robert J.

doi:10.12932/ap-080719-0596

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Several studies have reported the power of these drugs to reduce cell proliferation and compromise cell viability. The relationship between some NNRTI drugs and the proinflammatory state appears to be critical to understand the pathogenesis of various side effects [ 87 – 90 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Patients with and without HIV

Pereira

Amorim

Sampaio

et al. 2023

International Journal of Dentistry

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to compare clinical periodontal conditions in HIV-positive people on HAART with an HIV-negative group, in addition to investigating factors associated with periodontitis in the entire sample. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by oral clinical examination for the diagnosis of periodontitis, review of medical records, and application of a questionnaire containing personal data, deleterious habits, and oral hygiene habits for the other variables. The results were analyzed by Pearson’s χ2 test and Student’s t-test. A logistic regression model was constructed for the multivariate analysis and periodontitis was defined as a dependent variable. The analysis was performed on the entire sample (HIV+ and HIV−) and also on the group consisting of only people living with HIV. Results. Individuals older than 43 years old and with HIV were more likely to develop moderate and severe periodontitis (47.80 and 4.84 times, respectively). When analyzing only HIV+, in addition to age (OR = 2.795; CI = 1.080−7.233), the use of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) (OR = 2.841; CI = 1.135−7.112) was also associated with moderate and severe periodontitis. Conclusion. It was possible to observe a higher prevalence of periodontitis among individuals with HIV, showing an association between the virus, advanced age, and moderate or severe periodontitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Patients with and without HIV

Pereira

Amorim

Sampaio

et al. 2023

International Journal of Dentistry

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Nevirapine and tuberculosis predict first-line treatment failure in HIV patients in Indonesia: Case-control study

Subronto

Kusmayanti

Abdalla

et al. 2020

Annals of Medicine and Surgery

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Introduction Indonesia antiretroviral therapy guideline suggests the use of Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regiments as first line of HIV treatment and Protease Inhibitor to replace NNRTI when treatment failure occurred. This case-control study was aimed to study factors predicting first-line ART treatment failure among HIV positive patients aged >15 years, non-pregnant, and registered in our institution, Indonesia. Methods Diagnosis of HIV treatment failure was made according to the standard WHO criteria. Demographic and outcome variables were recorded. The association between variables were analyzed by Chi-square test with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), followed by multivariate analysis using logistic regression test. Results Twenty-six index cases and 26 age- and sex-matched control cases were included in the study with a mean age of 32.27 ± 8.7 years and 32.88 ± 8.15 years, respectively. Median time for switching to second-line (Lopinavir/ritonavir, LPV/r) was 46.32 ± 30.21 months. Patients presented with tuberculosis and treated by nevirapine as the first-line treatment were 26.6-folds (95% CI: 2.41–293.81, p = 0.007) and 6.7–folds (95% CI: 1.56–28.45, p = 0.011) higher risk for treatment failure, respectively. Conclusions The presence of tuberculosis and the use of nevirapine in first-line treatment were strong predictors for first-line ARV treatment failure, suggesting for closer clinical monitoring for patients with those conditions. A further and larger prospective cohort study is needed to confirm the findings in this study.

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