Incorporation of Chloramphenicol Loaded Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles into Polylactide

Abstract

Chloramphenicol (CAM) has been encapsulated into hydroxyapatite nanoparticles displaying different morphologies and crystallinities. The process was based on typical precipitation of solutions containing phosphate and calcium ions and the addition of CAM once the hydroxyapatite nuclei were formed. This procedure favored a disposition of the drug into the bulk parts of the nanoparticles and led to a fast release in aqueous media. Clear antibacterial activity was derived, being slightly higher for the amorphous samples due to their higher encapsulation efficiency. Polylactide (PLA) microfibers incorporating CAM encapsulated in hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared by the electrospinning technique and under optimized conditions. Drug release experiments demonstrated that only a small percentage of the loaded CAM could be delivered to an aqueous PBS medium. This amount was enough to render an immediate bacteriostatic effect without causing a cytotoxic effect on osteoblast-like, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. Therefore, the prepared scaffolds were able to retain CAM-loaded nanoparticles, being a reservoir that should allow a prolonged release depending on the polymer degradation rate. The studied system may have promising applications for the treatment of cancer since CAM has been proposed as a new antitumor drug.

Nanotheranostic Interface Based on Antibiotic‐Loaded Conducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Real‐Time Monitoring of Bacterial Growth Inhibition

“…Similarly, the release of CAM loaded in poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate hydrogels was very high, independently of the ratio between such two polymers, reaching more than 50% in less than 3 h. [ 27 ] Similarly, CAM was easily released from both loaded amorphous calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the simple physiological PBS medium. [ 28 ] Overall, these observations support the strength of CAM⋅⋅⋅PEDOT interactions.…”

“…In recent studies, antimicrobial CAM was encapsulated in nonelectroresponsive polymeric carriers for release. [ 26–28 ] For example, CAM‐loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers and, especially, PCL‐ polyethylene oxide (PEO) and microfiber exhibited a very fast release in PBS, reaching in 1 h more than 30% and 90%, respectively. [ 26 ] The difference between such two systems was attributed to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature of PCL and PCL‐PEO fibers, respectively.…”

Medicated Scaffolds Prepared with Hydroxyapatite/Streptomycin Nanoparticles Encapsulated into Polylactide Microfibers

“…Specifically, PLA (1 g) was dissolved in 10 mL of CHCl 3 :acetone (2:1 v/v) mixture (i.e., a polymer concentration of 10 w/v-%). The solution was kept under agitation (100 rpm) at 37 • C. Electrospinning was performed using a previously optimized setup [48] with a plane collector and a vertical disposition. After an optimization process where different experimental conditions were tested, 15 KV, 3 mL/h and 20 cm were selected for the electrostatic field, flow rate and tip-collector distance, respectively.…”

Biodegradable engineered fiber scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning for periodontal tissue regeneration

“…182 Similarly, Rivas incorporated chloramphenicol loaded hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into PLA. 183 These nanoparticles were also proved to improve properties. 5 wt% silicon and magnesium co-doped fluorapatite nanoparticles provided appropriate mechanical and biological properties and fairly good degradation rate of electrospun membranes, making the membranes appropriate for GTR/GBR.…”