Incorporation of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α in Three-Dimensional Hydroxyapatite/Polyacrylonitrile Composite Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Bone regeneration strategies rely on biomaterial constructs with stem cells or growth factors. By comparison, cell homing strategies employ chemokines to recruit the host endogenous stem or progenitor cells to the defect site to support endogenous healing. In the present study, we used a novel fluffy hydroxyapatite/polyacrylonitrile (HA/PAN) composite scaffold to provide a better three-dimensional cell culture microenvironment. These HA/PAN composite scaffolds loaded with stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) provided a diffusion-controlled SDF-1α release profile and endowed the scaffolds with cell homing capabilities. Furthermore, the scaffolds significantly stimulated bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) recruitment, facilitated BMSC osteogenic differentiation, and promoted ectopic bone formation. Our results suggest that a HA/PAN composite scaffold loaded with SDF-1α offers a clinically beneficial bone repair strategy.

Copper-Lithium-Doped Nanohydroxyapatite Modulates Mesenchymal Stem Cells Homing to Treat Glucocorticoids-Related Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

“…Several studies have confirmed the superiority of MSCs homing in improving the quantity and efficacy of regeneration of different tissues ( Karp and Leng Teo, 2009 ; Xiang et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021 ). For instance, Wang succeeded in BMSCs recruitment and osteogenic differentiation by loading hydroxyapatite/polyacrylonitrile scaffolds with SDF-1 ( Wang et al, 2019 ). Moreover, patients with GCs-ONFH present a decreased number of BMSCs in the lesion area ( Hernigou et al, 1999 ).…”

A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells

“…This phenomenon has prompted scientists to investigate the functionality of biomaterials incorporating SDF-1 as an artificial niche to recruit local MSCs. 152 The combination of SDF-1 with biomaterials is one of the most widely studied approaches to recruit different types of endogenous stem cells. For instance, it can be loaded into polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles and encapsulated within gelatin hydroxyphenyl propionic acid hydrogels to be injected into brain lesions for recruiting local neural progenitor cells.…”

Electrospun PAN/PEG Nanofibrous Membrane Embedded with a MgO/gC3N4 Nanocomposite for Effective Bone Regeneration

“…4,5 Polymers such as chitosan (CS), cellulose, silk fibroin (SF), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polycaprolactone, polyurethanes, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polysulfone (PS), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are the most prominent polymers used for bone regeneration applications. 6 Among these polymers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a synthetic polymer widely used for scaffold preparation, replacement of tissues, 7 and other medical devices because of its unique properties, such as mineral depositions on the pores, which help in developing the cells on scaffolds. Despite their properties, disadvantages such as a low degradability rate and a higher hydrophobic surface are associated with PAN.…”